Learning Engagement Assistant (LEA): Cross-Course Scalability and Classroom Evaluation of an Agentic AI Tutoring System
On the map: Retrieval-augmented generation → Agentic RAG, agents and memory
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper is an extension of a paper presented at the ICAART 2026 conference, which introduced LEA (Learning Engagement Assistant), an adaptive AI tutoring agent combining course-specific Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) with structured Knowledge Component (KC) models across integrated Chat, Tutor, and Quiz modes. That prior work validated LEA on a single STEM course (CMP511) exclusively through simulation, using synthetic learner agents. This paper extends that work by reporting the first classroom deployment of LEA with real students (n = 8, CMP511) and the first empirical test of its cross-course scalability, deploying the system across three courses spanning two academic levels and two disciplinary domains. The study reveals a divergence from simulation predictions across modes, showing that synthetic evaluation alone cannot anticipate all aspects of real deployment. A RAGAS-based cross-course scalability evaluation (660 questions) finds Answer Relevancy and Context Precision broadly stable across courses (0.88-0.94 and 0.88-0.90 respectively), while Faithfulness declines with curriculum distance from the system's original course (0.69 to 0.50), a preliminary finding that may reflect generation logic tuned to the system's original subject rather than a scalability limitation. These findings suggest that while the orchestration layer requires no modification, full course-agnosticism of all downstream components requires further investigation.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Agentic RAG, agents and memory, one of 15 directions in Retrieval-augmented generation. Builds on 11 of its 54 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Jul 2026.
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- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,160
- 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,393
- 2023Ragas: Automated Evaluation of Retrieval Augmented Generationcited by 408
- 2024Unifying AI Tutor Evaluation: An Evaluation Taxonomy for Pedagogical Ability Assessment of LLM-Powered AI Tutorscited by 60
- 2024Generative Students: Using LLM-Simulated Student Profiles to Support Question Item Evaluationcited by 56
- 2024Jill Watson: A Virtual Teaching Assistant powered by ChatGPTcited by 24
- 2025Can Large Language Models Match Tutoring System Adaptivity? A Benchmarking Studycited by 17
- 2020Automated Personalized Feedback Improves Learning Gains in an Intelligent Tutoring Systemcited by 16
- 2024Can LLMs Reliably Simulate Human Learner Actions? A Simulation Authoring Framework for Open-Ended Learning Environmentscited by 16
- 2024Evaluating the Impact of Advanced LLM Techniques on AI-Lecture Tutors for a Robotics Coursecited by 3
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