mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

VoxENES 2026: Benchmarking Generalization of Speech Spoofing Detectors Against LLM-Era TTS and Voice Conversion

arXiv 2607.11706 ↗First posted 13 Jul 2026cs.SD cs.AIcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Modern LLM-driven text-to-speech (TTS) and voice conversion (VC) systems produce synthetic speech that differs from the generators represented in many legacy spoofing benchmarks. This mismatch creates a temporal generalization gap that can overestimate detector robustness under real-world post-processing conditions. We bridge this gap by introducing VoxENES 2026, a bilingual (English and Spanish) benchmark of 53,628 audio samples generated using 10 contemporary speech synthesis methods and evaluated under 10 standardized post-processing conditions. Using VoxENES 2026, we benchmark eight pretrained detectors without fine-tuning and observe substantial performance degradation: the best model achieves 28.98% EER overall, while most perform near or below random chance across modern generators and perturbations. Our results highlight the reliance on brittle artifacts in current detectors and establish VoxENES 2026 as a practical testbed for developing robust audio spoofing countermeasures.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 20 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Jul 2026.

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References · 20

  1. 2021AST: Audio Spectrogram Transformercited by 634
  2. 2020ECAPA-TDNN: Emphasized Channel Attention, Propagation and Aggregation in TDNN Based Speaker Verificationcited by 606
  3. 2021VoxPopuli: A Large-Scale Multilingual Speech Corpus for Representation Learning, Semi-Supervised Learning and Interpretationcited by 455
  4. 2019ASVspoof 2019: Future Horizons in Spoofed and Fake Audio Detectioncited by 173
  5. 2021ASVspoof 2021: accelerating progress in spoofed and deepfake speech detectioncited by 157
  6. 2025CosyVoice 3: Towards In-the-wild Speech Generation via Scaling-up and Post-trainingcited by 142
  7. 2022Does Audio Deepfake Detection Generalize?cited by 129
  8. 2026Qwen3-TTS Technical Reportcited by 106
  9. 2021WaveFake: A Data Set to Facilitate Audio Deepfake Detectioncited by 78
  10. 2021End-to-End Spectro-Temporal Graph Attention Networks for Speaker Verification Anti-Spoofing and Speech Deepfake Detectioncited by 68
  11. 2024MLAAD: The Multi-Language Audio Anti-Spoofing Datasetcited by 55
  12. 2024Zero-shot Voice Conversion with Diffusion Transformerscited by 39
8 more
  1. 2025VoxCPM: Tokenizer-Free TTS for Context-Aware Speech Generation and True-to-Life Voice Cloningcited by 39
  2. 2025ASVspoof 5: Design, Collection and Validation of Resources for Spoofing, Deepfake, and Adversarial Attack Detection Using Crowdsourced Speechcited by 25
  3. 2023VSMask: Defending Against Voice Synthesis Attack via Real-Time Predictive Perturbationcited by 14
  4. 2025GLM-TTS Technical Reportcited by 8
  5. 2023PhantomSound: Black-Box, Query-Efficient Audio Adversarial Attack via Split-Second Phoneme Injectioncited by 5
  6. 2024VoiceWukong: Benchmarking Deepfake Voice Detectioncited by 5
  7. 2026FlashLabs Chroma 1.0: A Real-Time End-to-End Spoken Dialogue Model with Personalized Voice Cloningcited by 3
  8. 2025ClearMask: Noise-Free and Naturalness-Preserving Protection Against Voice Deepfake Attackscited by 1

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