LLMography: Transforming Human-AI Conversations into Traceability, Oversight, and Auditability Indicators
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Abstract (arXiv)
The growing use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in education, software engineering, academic writing, and technical documentation raises a key question: how can we evaluate not only AI-assisted outputs, but also the interaction process that produced them? Current debates often focus on detecting whether a final artifact was generated by AI, while overlooking the conversation history that reveals human direction, AI contribution, corrections, validation, and traceability. This paper introduces LLMography, a framework for transforming Human-AI conversations into measurable indicators of provenance, human contribution, AI dependency, reproducibility, and auditability. By analogy with bibliography and webography, LLMography documents the dynamic trajectory of interaction between a human and a Large Language Model as a structured trace of Human-AI co-production. We present a prototype that analyzes Human-AI conversation traces and generates KPI reports including Prompt Quality Score, Human Direction Score, AI Dependency Level, Auditability Score, Final Output Traceability, Privacy Risk Level, and a recommended LLMography label. A preliminary exploratory evaluation was conducted on 19 anonymized audit reports from engineering students. Most interactions were classified as Human-AI co-produced, with average scores of 86.8/100 for Human Direction, 81.9/100 for Prompt Quality, 72.8/100 for Auditability, and 77.1/100 for Final Output Traceability. The paper also applies LLMography to its own writing process, classified as human-originated, human-directed, AI-assisted co-production. The findings suggest that AI transparency should move beyond output detection toward documenting the history of interaction.
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References · 5
- 2023Generative AI in Higher Education: Seeing ChatGPT Through Universities' Policies, Resources, and Guidelinescited by 10
- 2024The AI Assessment Scale (AIAS) in action: A pilot implementation of GenAI supported assessment- A Preprintcited by 5
- 2024Higher education assessment practice in the era of generative AI toolscited by 5
- 2023Contra generative AI detection in higher education assessmentscited by 4
- 2024Shaping Integrity: Why Generative Artificial Intelligence Does Not Have to Undermine Educationcited by 2
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