Comparing Commercial Depth Sensor Accuracy for Medical Applications
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Abstract (arXiv)
Depth estimation has numerous medical and surgical applications. We benchmark four depth sensors on a porcine bone specimen, a porcine belly specimen, and a silicone kidney phantom using stylus-sampled references. These objects contain several real-world challenges, including homogeneous surfaces, specular surfaces, and subsurface scattering. The comparison includes stereo, structured-light, and time-of-flight sensors at a distance of approximately 50 cm. Specifically, the Intel RealSense D405 (Intel RealSense, United States), PMD Flexx2 (pmdtechnologies, Germany), Stereolabs ZED 2i (Stereolabs, France), and Zivid 2M+ 60 (Zivid, Norway) are compared. The Zivid 2M+ 60 performed best across all objects and metrics considered in this work. The ZED ranked second for real tissue, but last on the phantom.
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5 of 9 references.
References · 5
- 2025FoundationStereo: Zero-Shot Stereo Matchingcited by 173
- 2024LOOC: Localizing Organs using Occupancy Networks and Body Surface Depth Imagescited by 5
- 2024LUDO: Low-Latency Understanding of Deformable Objects using Point Cloud Occupancy Functionscited by 4
- 2024iRBSM: A Deep Implicit 3D Breast Shape Modelcited by 2
- 2026Point Cloud Segmentation for Autonomous Clip Positioning in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy on a Phantomcited by 1
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