Multiscale POD of Transformer Attention Fields: Scale-Selective Analysis via Morlet Scalogram
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Abstract (arXiv)
We introduce scale-selective Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) for transformer attention fields, inspired by the use of POD for extracting energetically dominant modes from turbulent flow ensembles. The Morlet continuous wavelet transform identifies dominant temporal scales in the attention lag structure across a document ensemble; POD then extracts the energetically dominant modes at each scale from the ensemble of attention fields. The resulting modes reveal layer-dependent scale organisation, with early layers emphasising fine scales and later layers shifting toward coarser scales. We define a spectral concentration index from the POD eigenvalue decay rate and show empirically that it differentiates layers by their attention field complexity. By the classical POD optimality theorem, the extracted modes minimise the average L2 reconstruction error over the ensemble (Theorem 1), giving a data-driven effective rank for each layer. The method requires no architectural modification and no linguistic annotations: dominant attention patterns emerge from ensemble statistics alone. The turbulence analogy is structural rather than physical: we borrow ensemble covariance and modal analysis, not fluid dynamics itself.
Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 16 of its 29 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Jun 2026.
Builds on
16 of 29 references.
References · 16
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- 2019Transformer Dissection: A Unified Understanding of Transformer's Attention via the Lens of Kernelcited by 213
4 more
- 2024Towards Signal Processing In Large Language Modelscited by 7
- 2026Energy-Gated Attention: Spectral Salience as an Inductive Bias for Transformer Attentioncited by 5
- 2026Energy-Gated Attention and Wavelet Positional Encoding: Complementary Inductive Biases for Transformer Attentioncited by 4
- 2026Beyond Sinusoids: A Morlet Wavelet Framework for Transformer Positional Encodingcited by 3
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.
2 papers.