BAIT: Boundary-Guided Disclosure Escalation LLM Jailbreaking via Self-Conditioned Reasoning
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this work, we propose BAIT (Boundary-Aware Iterative Trap), a three-step jailbreak framework that elicits malicious information through internal disclosure by target large language models (LLMs), instead of external feedback from judge LLMs. BAIT first asks the model to identify the protection boundary, then requires it to refine that boundary, and finally requests a detailed example. By expanding each step upon the model's previous responses, BAIT turns the model's own reasoning and consistency tendency into a disclosure pathway. Experiments on AdvBench, JailbreakBench, AIR-Bench, and SORRY-Bench demonstrate that BAIT consistently achieves strong attack success rates across top-tier large language models, significantly advancing conventional jailbreak baselines. Further analysis reveals that: 1) prevention-oriented framing significantly outperforms direct knowledge requests; 2) the refinement step plays a critical role in disclosure escalation; and 3) the first two steps have a certain chance of eliciting harmful content while triggering little filtering. These findings underscore the necessity of safeguarding against internally driven reasoning trajectories that progressively cross safety boundaries.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning for agents, planning and code, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 7 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 May 2026.
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7 of 28 references.
References · 7
- 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,195
- 2025Gemma 3 Technical Reportcited by 1,686
- 2024A Survey on LLM-as-a-Judgecited by 1,384
- 2025OpenAI GPT-5 System Cardcited by 910
- 2025DeepSeek-V3.2: Pushing the Frontier of Open Large Language Modelscited by 755
- 2025Alignment and Safety in Large Language Models: Safety Mechanisms, Training Paradigms, and Emerging Challengescited by 14
- 2026Knowledge-Driven Multi-Turn Jailbreaking on Large Language Modelscited by 6
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- 2025SafeBehavior: Simulating Human-Like Multistage Reasoning to Mitigate Jailbreak Attacks in Large Language Models
- 2026Defending Large Language Models Against Jailbreak Attacks via In-Decoding Safety-Awareness Probing
- 2025Confusion is the Final Barrier: Rethinking Jailbreak Evaluation and Investigating the Real Misuse Threat of LLMs
- 2025Reasoned Safety Alignment: Ensuring Jailbreak Defense via Answer-Then-Check
- 2026LASH: Adaptive Semantic Hybridization for Black-Box Jailbreaking of Large Language Models
- 2024Look Before You Leap: Enhancing Attention and Vigilance Regarding Harmful Content with GuidelineLLM