GQA-μP: The maximal parameterization update for grouped query attention
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Hyperparameter transfer across model architectures dramatically reduces the amount of compute necessary for tuning large language models (LLMs). The maximal update parameterization (μP) ensures transfer through principled mathematical analysis but can be challenging to derive for new model architectures. Building on the spectral feature-learning view of Yang et al. (2023a), we make two advances. First, we promote spectral norm conditions on the weights from a heuristic to the definition of feature learning, and as a consequence arrive at the Complete-P depth and weight-decay scalings without recourse to lazy-learning. Second, we consider a modified spectral norm that preserves the valid scaling law of network weights when weight matrices are not full rank. This enables (to our knowledge, the first) derivation of μP scalings for grouped-query attention (GQA). We demonstrate the efficacy of our theoretical derivations by showing learning rate transfer across the GQA repetition hyperparameter as well as experiments regarding transfer over weight decay.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 14 May 2026.
Builds on
18 of 30 references.
References · 18
- 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,715
- 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,820
- 2023GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpointscited by 1,346
- 2022Tensor Programs V: Tuning Large Neural Networks via Zero-Shot Hyperparameter Transfercited by 288
- 2019Tensor Programs I: Wide Feedforward or Recurrent Neural Networks of Any Architecture are Gaussian Processescited by 151
- 2020Tensor Programs II: Neural Tangent Kernel for Any Architecturecited by 143
- 2023Cerebras-GPT: Open Compute-Optimal Language Models Trained on the Cerebras Wafer-Scale Clustercited by 109
- 2023A Spectral Condition for Feature Learningcited by 109
- 2023Tensor Programs VI: Feature Learning in Infinite-Depth Neural Networkscited by 97
- 2025Don't be lazy: CompleteP enables compute-efficient deep transformerscited by 78
- 2024Scaling Exponents Across Parameterizations and Optimizerscited by 76
- 2023Why Do We Need Weight Decay in Modern Deep Learning?cited by 72
6 more
- 2020Tensor Programs III: Neural Matrix Lawscited by 49
- 2024How to set AdamW's weight decay as you scale model and dataset sizecited by 43
- 2025Power Lines: Scaling Laws for Weight Decay and Batch Size in LLM Pre-trainingcited by 43
- 2025Completed Hyperparameter Transfer across Modules, Width, Depth, Batch and Durationcited by 27
- 2023Unit Scaling: Out-of-the-Box Low-Precision Trainingcited by 17
- 2025μnit Scaling: Simple and Scalable FP8 LLM Trainingcited by 5
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.
1 paper.
- 2026Abra: Scaling Diffusion Image Trainingcited by 1
- 2026Abra: Scaling Diffusion Image Training18 Aug 2026