LASE: Language-Adversarial Speaker Encoding for Indic Cross-Script Identity Preservation
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Abstract (arXiv)
A speaker encoder used in multilingual voice cloning should treat the same speaker identically regardless of which script the audio was uttered in. Off-the-shelf encoders do not, and the failure is accent-conditional. On a 1043-pair Western-accented voice corpus across English, Hindi, Telugu, and Tamil, WavLM-base-plus-sv loses 0.082 absolute cosine similarity when the same voice changes script and ECAPA-TDNN loses 0.105. On a 1369-pair Indian-accented voice corpus, the gap shrinks to 0.006 (WavLM-SV) and 0.044 (ECAPA-TDNN). The leak is largest where it matters most for cross-script TTS: when a system projects a non-Indic-trained voice into Indic scripts. We present LASE (Language-Adversarial Speaker Encoder), a small projection head over frozen WavLM-base-plus trained with two losses: a supervised contrastive loss over voice identity, and a gradient-reversal cross-entropy against a 4-language classifier that pushes the embedding to be language-uninformative while remaining speaker-informative. Trained on 1118 quality-gated cross-script pairs synthesised from 8 commercial multilingual voices, LASE's residual gap is consistent with zero on both corpora (Delta = 0.013 Western, Delta = 0.026 Indian; both bootstrap 95% CIs include zero) and amplifies the cross-script-vs-floor margin 2.4-2.7x over both baselines. An ECAPA+GRL ablation shows the GRL objective improves either backbone but the WavLM choice contributes too. In synthetic multi-speaker diarisation, LASE matches ECAPA-TDNN on cross-script speaker recall (0.788 vs 0.789) with ~100x less training data. We release the r1 checkpoint, both corpora, and the bootstrap recipe.
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References · 9
- 2020Supervised Contrastive Learningcited by 2,829
- 2014Unsupervised Domain Adaptation by Backpropagationcited by 1,917
- 2021WavLM: Large-Scale Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Full Stack Speech Processingcited by 1,657
- 2017VoxCeleb: a large-scale speaker identification datasetcited by 732
- 2020ECAPA-TDNN: Emphasized Channel Attention, Propagation and Aggregation in TDNN Based Speaker Verificationcited by 628
- 2022FLEURS: Few-shot Learning Evaluation of Universal Representations of Speechcited by 469
- 2022Why does Self-Supervised Learning for Speech Recognition Benefit Speaker Recognition?cited by 27
- 2026Praxy Voice: Voice-Prompt Recovery + BUPS for Commercial-Class Indic TTS from a Frozen Non-Indic Base at Zero Commercial-Training-Data Costcited by 1
- 2026PSP: An Interpretable Per-Dimension Accent Benchmark for Indic Text-to-Speechcited by 1
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