Read More, Think More: Revisiting Observation Reduction for Web Agents
On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning for agents, planning and code
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Abstract (arXiv)
Web agents based on large language models (LLMs) rely on observations of web pages -- commonly represented as HTML -- as the basis for identifying available actions and planning subsequent steps. Prior work has treated the verbosity of HTML as an obstacle to performance and adopted observation reduction as a standard practice. We revisit this trend and demonstrate that the optimal observation representation depends on model capability and thinking token budget: (1) compact observations (accessibility trees) are preferable for lower-capability models, while detailed observations (HTML) are advantageous for higher-capability models; moreover, increasing thinking tokens further amplifies the benefit of HTML. (2) Our error analysis suggests that higher-capability models exploit layout information in HTML for better action grounding, while lower-capability models suffer from increased hallucination under longer inputs. We also find that incorporating observation history improves performance across most models and settings, and a diff-based representation offers a token-efficient alternative. Based on these findings, we suggest practical guidelines: adaptively select observation representations based on model capability and thinking token budget, and incorporate observation history using diff-based representations.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning for agents, planning and code, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 9 of its 27 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Apr 2026.
Builds on
9 of 27 references.
References · 9
- 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
- 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,195
- 2025Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilitiescited by 3,655
- 2025gpt-oss-120b & gpt-oss-20b Model Cardcited by 1,258
- 2024OmniParser for Pure Vision Based GUI Agentcited by 193
- 2025Chain-of-Thought Matters: Improving Long-Context Language Models with Reasoning Path Supervisioncited by 20
- 2025FocusAgent: Simple Yet Effective Ways of Trimming the Large Context of Web Agentscited by 16
- 2025Chain-of-Memory: Enhancing GUI Agents for Cross-Application Navigationcited by 13
- 2025Beyond Isolated Capabilities: Bridging Long CoT Reasoning and Long-Context Understandingcited by 1
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 4.
4 papers.
- 2026cotomi Act: Learning to Automate Work by Watching Youcited by 1
- 2026Skim: Speculative Execution for Fast and Efficient Web Agentscited by 1
- 2026Signal-Driven Observation for Long-Horizon Web Agentscited by 0
- 2026Efficient GUI Agents: A Systems Survey of Observation, Memory, Action, and Runtime Optimizationcited by 0
- 2026Efficient GUI Agents: A Systems Survey of Observation, Memory, Action, and Runtime Optimization2 Sep 2026
- 2026Signal-Driven Observation for Long-Horizon Web Agents4 Jun 2026
- 2026Skim: Speculative Execution for Fast and Efficient Web Agents15 May 2026
- 2026cotomi Act: Learning to Automate Work by Watching You4 May 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026Region4Web: Rethinking Observation Space Granularity for Web Agents
- 2025LineRetriever: Planning-Aware Observation Reduction for Web Agents
- 2026Revisiting Observation Reduction for Web Agents: Comprehensive Evaluation with a Lightweight Framework
- 2024Web Agents with World Models: Learning and Leveraging Environment Dynamics in Web Navigation
- 2025Beyond Pixels: Exploring DOM Downsampling for LLM-Based Web Agents
- 2024Large Language Models Can Self-Improve At Web Agent Tasks
- 2026TimeWarp: Evaluating Web Agents by Revisiting the Past
- 2026Improving LLM-based Autonomous Web Agents with Filtering