mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Quantifying Gender Bias in Large Language Models: When ChatGPT Becomes a Hiring Manager

arXiv 2604.00011 ↗First posted 10 Mar 2026cs.CY cs.AIcited by 1

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Abstract (arXiv)

The growing prominence of large language models (LLMs) in daily life has heightened concerns that LLMs exhibit many of the same gender-related biases as their creators. In the context of hiring decisions, we quantify the degree to which LLMs perpetuate societal biases and investigate prompt engineering as a bias mitigation technique. Our findings suggest that for a given resum'e, an LLM is more likely to hire a female candidate and perceive them as more qualified, but still recommends lower pay relative to male candidates.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 38 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Mar 2026.

Builds on

18 of 38 references.

References · 18

  1. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 14,132
  2. 2019Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferencescited by 2,150
  3. 2016Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddingscited by 1,312
  4. 2019The Woman Worked as a Babysitter: On Biases in Language Generationcited by 541
  5. 2018Gender Bias in Coreference Resolutioncited by 442
  6. 2019Bias in Bios: A Case Study of Semantic Representation Bias in a High-Stakes Settingcited by 349
  7. 2019Gender Bias in Contextualized Word Embeddingscited by 203
  8. 2021Societal Biases in Language Generation: Progress and Challengescited by 202
  9. 2023"Kelly is a Warm Person, Joseph is a Role Model": Gender Biases in LLM-Generated Reference Letterscited by 199
  10. 2020Towards Controllable Biases in Language Generationcited by 112
  11. 2021A Survey on Gender Bias in Natural Language Processingcited by 89
  12. 2019What's in a Name? Reducing Bias in Bios without Access to Protected Attributescited by 51
6 more
  1. 2024Evaluating Gender Bias in Large Language Models via Chain-of-Thought Promptingcited by 50
  2. 2020"You are grounded!": Latent Name Artifacts in Pre-trained Language Modelscited by 39
  3. 2023Probing Explicit and Implicit Gender Bias through LLM Conditional Text Generationcited by 31
  4. 2023Are Emily and Greg Still More Employable than Lakisha and Jamal? Investigating Algorithmic Hiring Bias in the Era of ChatGPTcited by 24
  5. 2024Application of LLM Agents in Recruitment: A Novel Framework for Resume Screeningcited by 24
  6. 2023Large Language Model (LLM) Bias Index -- LLMBIcited by 14

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Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

  1. 2026RupeeBias: Auditing Demographic Bias in Indian Economic Guidance from Large Language Modelscited by 0