Re-Evaluating EVMBench: Are AI Agents Ready for Smart Contract Security?
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
EVMbench, released by OpenAI, Paradigm, and OtterSec, is the first large-scale benchmark for AI agents on smart contract security. Its results -- agents detect up to 45.6% of vulnerabilities and exploit 72.2% of a curated subset -- have fueled expectations that fully automated AI auditing is within reach. We identify two limitations: its narrow evaluation scope (14 agent configurations, most models tested on only their vendor scaffold) and its reliance on audit-contest data published before every model's release that models may have seen during training. To address these, we expand to 26 configurations across four model families and three scaffolds, and introduce a contamination-free dataset of 22 real-world security incidents postdating every model's release date. Our evaluation yields three findings: (1) agents' detection results are not stable, with rankings shifting across configurations, tasks, and datasets; (2) on real-world incidents, no agent succeeds at end-to-end exploitation across all 110 agent-incident pairs despite detecting up to 65% of vulnerabilities, contradicting EVMbench's conclusion that discovery is the primary bottleneck; and (3) scaffolding materially affects results, with an open-source scaffold outperforming vendor alternatives by up to 5 percentage points, yet EVMbench does not control for this. These findings challenge the narrative that fully automated AI auditing is imminent. Agents reliably catch well-known patterns and respond strongly to human-provided context, but cannot replace human judgment. For developers, agent scans serve as a pre-deployment check. For audit firms, agents are most effective within a human-in-the-loop workflow where AI handles breadth and human auditors contribute protocol-specific knowledge and adversarial reasoning. Code and data: https://github.com/blocksecteam/ReEVMBench/.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 11 Mar 2026.
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.
3 papers.
- 2026BankerToolBench: Evaluating AI Agents in End-to-End Investment Banking Workflowscited by 2
- 2026CHAINTRIX: A multi-pipeline LLM-augmented framework for automated smart-contract security auditingcited by 0
- 2026Demystifying Agent Skills for Smart Contract Auditing: Design, Effectiveness, Behavioral Impactcited by 0
- 2026Demystifying Agent Skills for Smart Contract Auditing: Design, Effectiveness, Behavioral Impact24 Sep 2026
- 2026CHAINTRIX: A multi-pipeline LLM-augmented framework for automated smart-contract security auditing10 May 2026
- 2026BankerToolBench: Evaluating AI Agents in End-to-End Investment Banking Workflows13 Apr 2026