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Performance Comparison of IBN orchestration using LLM and SLMs

arXiv 2603.06647 ↗First posted 27 Feb 2026cs.NI cs.AIcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

The evolution of both 5G and 6G networks is driving the advancement of fully autonomous network management, placing Intent-Based Networking at the centre of this transformation. This paper introduces a novel framework for 5G and 6G IBN orchestration that leverages a stateful, hierarchical multi-agent architecture to achieve full automation using both SLMs and LLMs. Both models have been evaluated for translation accuracy using metrics such as BLEU, METEOR, and ROUGE-L, as well as computational complexity. Experimental results show that both models exhibit similar accuracy. However, result shows that SLMs can improve the overall completion speed of the IBN lifecycle by 20%.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 11 of its 24 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 Feb 2026.

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References · 11

  1. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,084
  2. 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
  3. 2023A Survey on Large Language Model based Autonomous Agentscited by 2,203
  4. 2024TinyLlama: An Open-Source Small Language Modelcited by 604
  5. 2024A Comprehensive Survey of Small Language Models in the Era of Large Language Models: Techniques, Enhancements, Applications, Collaboration with LLMs, and Trustworthinesscited by 125
  6. 2025TRiSM for Agentic AI: A Review of Trust, Risk, and Security Management in LLM-based Agentic Multi-Agent Systemscited by 58
  7. 2023Large Language Models for Networking: Applications, Enabling Techniques, and Challengescited by 28
  8. 2024A Survey on Large Language Models for Communication, Network, and Service Management: Application Insights, Challenges, and Future Directionscited by 25
  9. 2024Large Language Models for Networking: Workflow, Advances and Challengescited by 15
  10. 2025Hallucination Mitigation using Agentic AI Natural Language-Based Frameworkscited by 12
  11. 2024Intelligent Routing as a Service (iRaaS)cited by 1

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