Are LLMs Ready to Replace Bangla Annotators?
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Abstract (arXiv)
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as automated annotators to scale dataset creation, yet their reliability as unbiased annotators--especially for low-resource and identity-sensitive settings--remains poorly understood. In this work, we study the behavior of LLMs as zero-shot annotators for Bangla hate speech, a task where even human agreement is challenging, and annotator bias can have serious downstream consequences. We conduct a systematic benchmark of 17 LLMs using a unified evaluation framework. Our analysis uncovers annotator bias and substantial instability in model judgments. Surprisingly, increased model scale does not guarantee improved annotation quality--smaller, more task-aligned models frequently exhibit more consistent behavior than their larger counterparts. These results highlight important limitations of current LLMs for sensitive annotation tasks in low-resource languages and underscore the need for careful evaluation before deployment.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 12 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Feb 2026.
Builds on
12 of 49 references.
References · 12
- 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,049
- 2019Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scalecited by 3,907
- 2020RealToxicityPrompts: Evaluating Neural Toxic Degeneration in Language Modelscited by 1,235
- 2020Language (Technology) is Power: A Critical Survey of "Bias" in NLPcited by 951
- 2023ChatGPT Outperforms Crowd-Workers for Text-Annotation Taskscited by 849
- 2023AnnoLLM: Making Large Language Models to Be Better Crowdsourced Annotatorscited by 171
- 2023Is ChatGPT better than Human Annotators? Potential and Limitations of ChatGPT in Explaining Implicit Hate Speechcited by 165
- 2023TELeR: A General Taxonomy of LLM Prompts for Benchmarking Complex Taskscited by 48
- 2024Social Bias in Large Language Models For Bangla: An Empirical Study on Gender and Religious Biascited by 13
- 2024On Limitations of LLM as Annotator for Low Resource Languagescited by 12
- 2025Zero-Shot Multi-Label Classification of Bangla Documents: Large Decoders Vs. Classic Encoderscited by 2
- 2025Large Language Models Are Effective Human Annotation Assistants, But Not Good Independent Annotatorscited by 1
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