CheckIfExist: Detecting Citation Hallucinations in the Era of AI-Generated Content
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Abstract (arXiv)
The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) in academic workflows has introduced unprecedented challenges to bibliographic integrity, particularly through reference hallucination -- the generation of plausible but non-existent citations. Recent investigations have documented the presence of AI-hallucinated citations even in papers accepted at premier machine learning conferences such as NeurIPS and ICLR, underscoring the urgency of automated verification mechanisms. This paper presents "CheckIfExist", an open-source web-based tool designed to provide immediate verification of bibliographic references through multi-source validation against CrossRef, Semantic Scholar, and OpenAlex scholarly databases. While existing reference management tools offer bibliographic organization capabilities, they do not provide real-time validation of citation authenticity. Commercial hallucination detection services, though increasingly available, often impose restrictive usage limits on free tiers or require substantial subscription fees. The proposed tool fills this gap by employing a cascading validation architecture with string similarity algorithms to compute multi-dimensional match confidence scores, delivering instant feedback on reference authenticity. The system supports both single-reference verification and batch processing of BibTeX entries through a unified interface, returning validated APA citations and exportable BibTeX records within seconds.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Builds on 5 of its 23 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 Jan 2026.
Builds on
5 of 23 references.
References · 5
- 2022Survey of Hallucination in Natural Language Generationcited by 2,068
- 2022OpenAlex: A fully-open index of scholarly works, authors, venues, institutions, and conceptscited by 172
- 2018Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholarcited by 118
- 2023Do Language Models Know When They're Hallucinating References?cited by 115
- 2024Evaluating the Linguistic Coverage of OpenAlex: An Assessment of Metadata Accuracy and Completenesscited by 3
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 5.
5 papers.
- 2026Detecting and Correcting Reference Hallucinations in Commercial LLMs and Deep Research Agentscited by 4
- 2026BibTeX Citation Errors in Scientific Publishing Agents: Evaluation and Mitigationcited by 2
- 2026HALLMARK: How to Diagnose LLM Citation Verifiers and When to Deploy Themcited by 2
- 2026CiteCheck: Retrieval-Grounded Detection of LLM Citation Hallucinations in Scientific Textcited by 1
- 2026Per-Entity Bias Mapping for AI Visibility: Why Brand Mentions Require Entity-Specific Calibrationcited by 0
- 2026HALLMARK: How to Diagnose LLM Citation Verifiers and When to Deploy Them20 Jul 2026
- 2026Per-Entity Bias Mapping for AI Visibility: Why Brand Mentions Require Entity-Specific Calibration19 Jun 2026
- 2026CiteCheck: Retrieval-Grounded Detection of LLM Citation Hallucinations in Scientific Text26 May 2026
- 2026Detecting and Correcting Reference Hallucinations in Commercial LLMs and Deep Research Agents3 Apr 2026
- 2026BibTeX Citation Errors in Scientific Publishing Agents: Evaluation and Mitigation3 Apr 2026