mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Massive Sound Embedding Benchmark (MSEB)

arXiv 2602.07143 ↗First posted 6 Feb 2026cs.SD cs.CLcited by 9

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Abstract (arXiv)

Audio is a critical component of multimodal perception, and any truly intelligent system must demonstrate a wide range of auditory capabilities. These capabilities include transcription, classification, retrieval, reasoning, segmentation, clustering, reranking, and reconstruction. Fundamentally, each task involves transforming a raw audio signal into a meaningful 'embedding' - be it a single vector, a sequence of continuous or discrete representations, or another structured form - which then serves as the basis for generating the task's final response. To accelerate progress towards robust machine auditory intelligence, we present the Massive Sound Embedding Benchmark (MSEB): an extensible framework designed to evaluate the auditory components of any multimodal system. In its first release, MSEB offers a comprehensive suite of eight core tasks, with more planned for the future, supported by diverse datasets, including the new, large-scale Simple Voice Questions (SVQ) dataset. Our initial experiments establish clear performance headrooms, highlighting the significant opportunity to improve real-world multimodal experiences where audio is a core signal. We encourage the research community to use MSEB to assess their algorithms and contribute to its growth. The library is publicly hosted at github.

Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 23 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Feb 2026.

Builds on

23 of 31 references.

References · 23

  1. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
  2. 2022Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervisioncited by 3,972
  3. 2020wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representationscited by 3,853
  4. 2017Billion-scale similarity search with GPUscited by 2,477
  5. 2021HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden Unitscited by 2,301
  6. 2025Gemma 3 Technical Reportcited by 1,686
  7. 2022Large-scale Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining with Feature Fusion and Keyword-to-Caption Augmentationcited by 707
  8. 2022High Fidelity Neural Audio Compressioncited by 673
  9. 2021SUPERB: Speech processing Universal PERformance Benchmarkcited by 652
  10. 2022MTEB: Massive Text Embedding Benchmarkcited by 623
  11. 2020FSD50K: An Open Dataset of Human-Labeled Sound Eventscited by 339
  12. 2022MASSIVE: A 1M-Example Multilingual Natural Language Understanding Dataset with 51 Typologically-Diverse Languagescited by 142
11 more
  1. 2025Gemini Embedding: Generalizable Embeddings from Geminicited by 93
  2. 2020Towards Learning a Universal Non-Semantic Representation of Speechcited by 84
  3. 2021Towards Learning Universal Audio Representationscited by 51
  4. 2023Global birdsong embeddings enable superior transfer learning for bioacoustic classificationcited by 51
  5. 2015End-to-End Text-Dependent Speaker Verificationcited by 49
  6. 2017Unsupervised Learning of Semantic Audio Representationscited by 44
  7. 2024BirdSet: A Large-Scale Dataset for Audio Classification in Avian Bioacousticscited by 36
  8. 2023XTREME-UP: A User-Centric Scarce-Data Benchmark for Under-Represented Languagescited by 34
  9. 2025KAD: No More FAD! An Effective and Efficient Evaluation Metric for Audio Generationcited by 24
  10. 2024Speech-MASSIVE: A Multilingual Speech Dataset for SLU and Beyondcited by 20
  11. 2025MIEB: Massive Image Embedding Benchmarkcited by 11

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 9.

9 papers.