Structured Self-Consistency:A Multi-Task Evaluation of LLMs on VirtualHome
On the map: LLM reasoning → Spatial and embodied reasoning
Abstract (arXiv)
Embodied AI requires agents to understand goals, plan actions, and execute tasks in simulated environments. We present a comprehensive evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) on the VirtualHome benchmark using the Embodied Agent Interface (EAI) framework. We compare two representative 7B-parameter models OPENPANGU-7B and QWEN2.5-7B across four fundamental tasks: Goal Interpretation, Action Sequencing, Subgoal Decomposition, and Transition Modeling. We propose Structured Self-Consistency (SSC), an enhanced decoding strategy that leverages multiple sampling with domain-specific voting mechanisms to improve output quality for structured generation tasks. Experimental results demonstrate that SSC significantly enhances performance, with OPENPANGU-7B excelling at hierarchical planning while QWEN2.5-7B show advantages in action-level tasks. Our analysis reveals complementary strengths across model types, providing insights for future embodied AI system development.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Spatial and embodied reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 12 of its 12 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 Jan 2026.
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References · 12
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2021Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Codecited by 8,053
- 2022Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 5,601
- 2022Do As I Can, Not As I Say: Grounding Language in Robotic Affordancescited by 2,302
- 2022Code as Policies: Language Model Programs for Embodied Controlcited by 1,172
- 2019Habitat: A Platform for Embodied AI Researchcited by 1,163
- 2022Language Models as Zero-Shot Planners: Extracting Actionable Knowledge for Embodied Agentscited by 1,029
- 2017AI2-THOR: An Interactive 3D Environment for Visual AIcited by 850
- 2022ProgPrompt: Generating Situated Robot Task Plans using Large Language Modelscited by 598
- 2023Universal Self-Consistency for Large Language Model Generationcited by 198
- 2024Embodied Agent Interface: Benchmarking LLMs for Embodied Decision Makingcited by 142
- 2025Pangu Embedded: An Efficient Dual-system LLM Reasoner with Metacognitioncited by 61
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- 2024LoTa-Bench: Benchmarking Language-oriented Task Planners for Embodied Agents
- 2025Plan Verification for LLM-Based Embodied Task Completion Agents
- 2025Generative AI in Embodied Systems: System-Level Analysis of Performance, Efficiency and Scalability
- 2026CoCoBench: A Cooperative Coordination Benchmark for Embodied Multi-Agent Task Planning
- 2025HELP: Hierarchical Embodied Language Planner for Household Tasks
- 2026From Assumptions to Actions: Turning LLM Reasoning into Uncertainty-Aware Planning for Embodied Agents
- 2026Closing the Consistency Gap: Self-Evolving Agents That Learn to Stay on Course
- 2023Plan, Eliminate, and Track -- Language Models are Good Teachers for Embodied Agents