mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

A Balanced Neuro-Symbolic Approach for Commonsense Abductive Logic

arXiv 2601.18595 ↗First posted 26 Jan 2026cs.AI cs.LGcited by 2

On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation

Abstract (arXiv)

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive formal reasoning abilities, they often break down when problems require complex proof planning. One promising approach for improving LLM reasoning abilities involves translating problems into formal logic and using a logic solver. Although off-the-shelf logic solvers are in principle substantially more efficient than LLMs at logical reasoning, they assume that all relevant facts are provided in a question and are unable to deal with missing commonsense relations. In this work, we propose a novel method that uses feedback from the logic solver to augment a logic problem with commonsense relations provided by the LLM, in an iterative manner. This involves a search procedure through potential commonsense assumptions to maximize the chance of finding useful facts while keeping cost tractable. On a collection of pure-logical reasoning datasets, from which some commonsense information has been removed, our method consistently achieves considerable improvements over existing techniques, demonstrating the value in balancing neural and symbolic elements when working in human contexts.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 21 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Jan 2026.

Builds on

21 of 30 references.

Closest ancestors · 7

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024SymBa: Symbolic Backward Chaining for Structured Natural Language Reasoning20 Feb
  2. 2023LINC: A Neurosymbolic Approach for Logical Reasoning by Combining Language Models with First-Order Logic Provers23 Oct
  3. 2023Logic-LM: Empowering Large Language Models with Symbolic Solvers for Faithful Logical Reasoning20 May
  4. 2023SatLM: Satisfiability-Aided Language Models Using Declarative Prompting16 May
  5. 2022LAMBADA: Backward Chaining for Automated Reasoning in Natural Language20 Dec
  6. 2022Language Models Are Greedy Reasoners: A Systematic Formal Analysis of Chain-of-Thought3 Oct
  7. 2022FOLIO: Natural Language Reasoning with First-Order Logic2 Sep

Other references · 14

  1. 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
  2. 2022Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 5,601
  3. 2022Large Language Models are Zero-Shot Reasonerscited by 4,323
  4. 2019Language Models as Knowledge Bases?cited by 1,922
  5. 2023Faith and Fate: Limits of Transformers on Compositionalitycited by 496
  6. 2018e-SNLI: Natural Language Inference with Natural Language Explanationscited by 468
  7. 2020ProofWriter: Generating Implications, Proofs, and Abductive Statements over Natural Languagecited by 309
  8. 2019Cosmos QA: Machine Reading Comprehension with Contextual Commonsense Reasoningcited by 281
  9. 2020Transformers as Soft Reasoners over Languagecited by 265
  10. 2020ReClor: A Reading Comprehension Dataset Requiring Logical Reasoningcited by 211
  11. 2019CLUTRR: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Inductive Reasoning from Textcited by 155
  12. 2024Faithful Logical Reasoning via Symbolic Chain-of-Thoughtcited by 99
2 more
  1. 2023Harnessing the Power of Large Language Models for Natural Language to First-Order Logic Translationcited by 59
  2. 2021Logic-Driven Context Extension and Data Augmentation for Logical Reasoning of Textcited by 46

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.

2 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Abductive Reasoning with Probabilistic Commonsense
  2. 2024Leveraging LLMs for Hypothetical Deduction in Logical Inference: A Neuro-Symbolic Approach
  3. 2025A Comparative Study of Neurosymbolic AI Approaches to Interpretable Logical Reasoning
  4. 2023Language Models can be Logical Solvers
  5. 2024Disentangling Logic: The Role of Context in Large Language Model Reasoning Capabilities
  6. 2026Logic-Parametric Neuro-Symbolic NLI: Controlling Logical Formalisms for Verifiable LLM Reasoning
  7. 2026IFDNS: An Iterative Feedback-Driven Neuro-Symbolic Method for Faithful Logical Reasoning
  8. 2025Logical Reasoning in Large Language Models: A Survey