mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Human-Aligned Enhancement of Programming Answers with LLMs Guided by User Feedback

arXiv 2601.17604 ↗First posted 24 Jan 2026cs.SE cs.AIcited by 0

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used to support software developers in tasks such as code generation, optimization, and documentation. However, their ability to improve existing programming answers in a human-like manner remains underexplored. On technical question-and-answer platforms such as Stack Overflow (SO), contributors often revise answers based on user comments that identify errors, inefficiencies, or missing explanations. Yet roughly one-third of this feedback is never addressed due to limited time, expertise, or visibility, leaving many answers incomplete or outdated. This study investigates whether LLMs can enhance programming answers by interpreting and incorporating comment-based feedback. We make four main contributions. First, we introduce ReSOlve, a benchmark consisting of 790 SO answers with associated comment threads, annotated for improvement-related and general feedback. Second, we evaluate four state-of-the-art LLMs on their ability to identify actionable concerns, finding that DeepSeek achieves the best balance between precision and recall. Third, we present AUTOCOMBAT, an LLM-powered tool that improves programming answers by jointly leveraging user comments and question context. Compared to human revised references, AUTOCOMBAT produces near-human quality improvements while preserving the original intent and significantly outperforming the baseline. Finally, a user study with 58 practitioners shows strong practical value, with 84.5 percent indicating they would adopt or recommend the tool. Overall, AUTOCOMBAT demonstrates the potential of scalable, feedback-driven answer refinement to improve the reliability and trustworthiness of technical knowledge platforms.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 42 of its 91 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Jan 2026.

Builds on

42 of 91 references.

References · 42

  1. 2021Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Codecited by 8,053
  2. 2019BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTcited by 5,462
  3. 2023Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4cited by 2,579
  4. 2023Code Llama: Open Foundation Models for Codecited by 2,105
  5. 2018A Call for Clarity in Reporting BLEU Scorescited by 1,790
  6. 2020BLEURT: Learning Robust Metrics for Text Generationcited by 1,196
  7. 2015A Diversity-Promoting Objective Function for Neural Conversation Modelscited by 1,068
  8. 2020COMET: A Neural Framework for MT Evaluationcited by 1,024
  9. 2021CodeT5: Identifier-aware Unified Pre-trained Encoder-Decoder Models for Code Understanding and Generationcited by 890
  10. 2021Measuring Coding Challenge Competence With APPScited by 879
  11. 2021BARTScore: Evaluating Generated Text as Text Generationcited by 719
  12. 2022InCoder: A Generative Model for Code Infilling and Synthesiscited by 492
30 more
  1. 2024A Systematic Survey of Prompt Engineering in Large Language Models: Techniques and Applicationscited by 428
  2. 2019MoverScore: Text Generation Evaluating with Contextualized Embeddings and Earth Mover Distancecited by 415
  3. 2023Large Language Models for Software Engineering: A Systematic Literature Reviewcited by 389
  4. 2023The Impact of AI on Developer Productivity: Evidence from GitHub Copilotcited by 264
  5. 2020IntelliCode Compose: Code Generation Using Transformercited by 225
  6. 2022Grounded Copilot: How Programmers Interact with Code-Generating Modelscited by 216
  7. 2023Large Language Models for Software Engineering: Survey and Open Problemscited by 178
  8. 2022Practical Program Repair in the Era of Large Pre-trained Language Modelscited by 133
  9. 2020A Transformer-based Approach for Source Code Summarizationcited by 129
  10. 2023The Programmer's Assistant: Conversational Interaction with a Large Language Model for Software Developmentcited by 95
  11. 2022Reading Between the Lines: Modeling User Behavior and Costs in AI-Assisted Programmingcited by 91
  12. 2022Automated Repair of Programs from Large Language Modelscited by 71
  13. 2022Out of the BLEU: how should we assess quality of the Code Generation models?cited by 65
  14. 2023On the Robustness of Code Generation Techniques: An Empirical Study on GitHub Copilotcited by 64
  15. 2023A Survey on Large Language Models for Software Engineeringcited by 58
  16. 2023Is Stack Overflow Obsolete? An Empirical Study of the Characteristics of ChatGPT Answers to Stack Overflow Questionscited by 42
  17. 2019An Empirical Study of Obsolete Answers on Stack Overflowcited by 14
  18. 2018SOTorrent: Reconstructing and Analyzing the Evolution of Stack Overflow Postscited by 9
  19. 2018Toxic Code Snippets on Stack Overflowcited by 9
  20. 2021Accessibility in Software Practice: A Practitioner's Perspectivecited by 8
  21. 2023Are We Ready to Embrace Generative AI for Software Q&A?cited by 5
  22. 2023Out of Context: How important is Local Context in Neural Program Repair?cited by 5
  23. 2024AUTOGENICS: Automated Generation of Context-Aware Inline Comments for Code Snippets on Programming Q&A Sites Using LLMcited by 5
  24. 2018SOTorrent: Studying the Origin, Evolution, and Usage of Stack Overflow Code Snippetscited by 4
  25. 2022Does This Apply to Me? An Empirical Study of Technical Context in Stack Overflowcited by 3
  26. 2022Technical Q&A Site Answer Recommendation via Question Boostingcited by 3
  27. 2024Towards Better Answers: Automated Stack Overflow Post Updatingcited by 3
  28. 2023A Study of Update Request Comments in Stack Overflow Answer Postscited by 2
  29. 2019Does the hiding mechanism for Stack Overflow comments work well? No!cited by 1
  30. 2024Can We Identify Stack Overflow Questions Requiring Code Snippets? Investigating the Cause & Effect of Missing Code Snippetscited by 1

Built on by

Not cited yet.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Beyond Code Snippets: Benchmarking LLMs on Repository-Level Question Answering
  2. 2024Aligning LLMs through Multi-perspective User Preference Ranking-based Feedback for Programming Question Answering
  3. 2023CRITIC: Large Language Models Can Self-Correct with Tool-Interactive Critiquing
  4. 2026Large Language Models for Programming: Actually Fixing or Reimplementing Incorrect Code?
  5. 2024Evaluating and Aligning CodeLLMs on Human Preference
  6. 2025ACE-RLHF: Automated Code Evaluation and Socratic Feedback Generation Tool using Large Language Models and Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback
  7. 2025From Code to Courtroom: LLMs as the New Software Judges
  8. 2025AskToAct: Enhancing LLMs Tool Use via Self-Correcting Clarification