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Unsupervised Evaluation of Multi-Turn Objective-Driven Interactions

arXiv 2511.03047 ↗First posted 4 Nov 2025cs.LGcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Large language models (LLMs) have seen increasing popularity in enterprise applications where AI agents and humans engage in objective-driven interactions. However, these systems are difficult to evaluate: data may be complex and unlabeled; human annotation is often impractical at scale; custom metrics can monitor for specific errors, but not previously-undetected ones; and LLM judges can produce unreliable results. We introduce the first set of unsupervised metrics for objective-driven interactions, leveraging statistical properties of unlabeled interaction data and using fine-tuned LLMs to adapt to distributional shifts. We develop metrics for labeling user goals, measuring goal completion, and quantifying LLM uncertainty without grounding evaluations in human-generated ideal responses. Our approach is validated on open-domain and task-specific interaction data.

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References · 30

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18 more
  1. 2023JudgeLM: Fine-tuned Large Language Models are Scalable Judgescited by 351
  2. 2023MINT: Evaluating LLMs in Multi-turn Interaction with Tools and Language Feedbackcited by 293
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  12. 2025Specializing Large Language Models to Simulate Survey Response Distributions for Global Populationscited by 50
  13. 2025LLMs Cannot Reliably Judge (Yet?): A Comprehensive Assessment on the Robustness of LLM-as-a-Judgecited by 33
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  15. 2021BLEU, METEOR, BERTScore: Evaluation of Metrics Performance in Assessing Critical Translation Errors in Sentiment-oriented Textcited by 22
  16. 2025HelpSteer3: Human-Annotated Feedback and Edit Data to Empower Inference-Time Scaling in Open-Ended General-Domain Taskscited by 16
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  18. 2024Rethinking Scale: The Efficacy of Fine-Tuned Open-Source LLMs in Large-Scale Reproducible Social Science Researchcited by 6

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