Dynamic Reflections: Probing Video Representations with Text Alignment
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
The alignment of representations from different modalities has recently been shown to provide insights on the structural similarities and downstream capabilities of different encoders across diverse data types. While significant progress has been made in aligning images with text, the temporal nature of video data remains largely unexplored in this context. In this work, we conduct the first comprehensive study of video-text representation alignment, probing the capabilities of modern video and language encoders. Our findings reveal several key insights. First, we demonstrate that cross-modal alignment highly depends on the richness of both visual (static images vs. multi-frame videos) and text (single caption vs. a collection) data provided at test time, especially when using state-of-the-art video encoders. We propose parametric test-time scaling laws that capture this behavior and show remarkable predictive power against empirical observations. Secondly, we investigate the correlation between semantic alignment and performance on both semantic and non-semantic downstream tasks, providing initial evidence that strong alignment against text encoders may be linked to general-purpose video representation and understanding. Finally, we correlate temporal reasoning with cross-modal alignment providing a challenging test-bed for vision and language models. Overall, our work introduces video-text alignment as an informative zero-shot way to probe the representation power of different encoders for spatio-temporal data. Project page can be found at https://video-prh.github.io/
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 54 of its 72 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Nov 2025.
Builds on
54 of 72 references.
References · 54
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
- 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,491
- 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
- 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
- 2021Masked Autoencoders Are Scalable Vision Learnerscited by 7,339
- 2021Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformerscited by 6,893
- 2020Scaling Laws for Neural Language Modelscited by 6,411
- 2017ScanNet: Richly-annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenescited by 3,088
- 2019Scalability in Perception for Autonomous Driving: Waymo Open Datasetcited by 2,436
- 2023MMBench: Is Your Multi-modal Model an All-around Player?cited by 2,105
- 2022BLOOM: A 176B-Parameter Open-Access Multilingual Language Modelcited by 1,968
- 2024Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Sizecited by 1,928
38 more
- 2017The Kinetics Human Action Video Datasetcited by 1,894
- 2018Unsupervised Feature Learning via Non-Parametric Instance-level Discriminationcited by 1,838
- 2019Similarity of Neural Network Representations Revisitedcited by 1,695
- 2025Gemma 3 Technical Reportcited by 1,686
- 2021ViViT: A Video Vision Transformercited by 1,610
- 2021Is Space-Time Attention All You Need for Video Understanding?cited by 1,609
- 2022VideoMAE: Masked Autoencoders are Data-Efficient Learners for Self-Supervised Video Pre-Trainingcited by 1,305
- 2017The "something something" video database for learning and evaluating visual common sensecited by 1,092
- 2023A Survey on Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 898
- 2024Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technologycited by 889
- 2017Dense-Captioning Events in Videoscited by 789
- 2025V-JEPA 2: Self-Supervised Video Models Enable Understanding, Prediction and Planningcited by 738
- 2017Towards Automatic Learning of Procedures from Web Instructional Videoscited by 616
- 2021VideoCLIP: Contrastive Pre-training for Zero-shot Video-Text Understandingcited by 596
- 2021How to train your ViT? Data, Augmentation, and Regularization in Vision Transformerscited by 562
- 2017Deep Learning Scaling is Predictable, Empiricallycited by 556
- 2023VideoMAE V2: Scaling Video Masked Autoencoders with Dual Maskingcited by 516
- 2024Revisiting Feature Prediction for Learning Visual Representations from Videocited by 490
- 2017AVA: A Video Dataset of Spatio-temporally Localized Atomic Visual Actionscited by 449
- 2019VATEX: A Large-Scale, High-Quality Multilingual Dataset for Video-and-Language Researchcited by 412
- 2021Explaining Neural Scaling Lawscited by 353
- 2025Perception Encoder: The best visual embeddings are not at the output of the networkcited by 315
- 2023Perception Test: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Multimodal Video Modelscited by 310
- 2022Linearly Mapping from Image to Text Spacecited by 139
- 2024VideoPrism: A Foundational Visual Encoder for Video Understandingcited by 103
- 2024Large Multimodal Agents: A Surveycited by 99
- 2020A Short Note on the Kinetics-700-2020 Human Action Datasetcited by 89
- 2025Scaling Language-Free Visual Representation Learningcited by 62
- 2025Embodied AI Agents: Modeling the Worldcited by 57
- 2025Harnessing the Universal Geometry of Embeddingscited by 54
- 2023Test of Time: Instilling Video-Language Models with a Sense of Timecited by 51
- 2020A Neural Scaling Law from the Dimension of the Data Manifoldcited by 48
- 2024Do Vision and Language Encoders Represent the World Similarly?cited by 44
- 2024Assessing and Learning Alignment of Unimodal Vision and Language Modelscited by 31
- 2024Scaling 4D Representationscited by 30
- 2025Understanding the Emergence of Multimodal Representation Alignmentcited by 28
- 2022Language-free Training for Zero-shot Video Groundingcited by 22
- 2025It's a (Blind) Match! Towards Vision-Language Correspondence without Parallel Datacited by 13
50 most cited of 54 All 54 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 5.
5 papers.
- 2026Revisiting the Platonic Representation Hypothesis: An Aristotelian Viewcited by 33
- 2026Back into Plato's Cave: Examining Cross-modal Representational Convergence at Scalecited by 10
- 2026The Truth Lies Somewhere in the Middle (of the Generated Tokens)cited by 2
- 2026Gen4U: Unifying Video Generation and Understanding via Diffusioncited by 1
- 2026SeeSE3: Emergence of 3D Space in Vision Featurescited by 1
- 2026SeeSE3: Emergence of 3D Space in Vision Features15 Jul 2026
- 2026Gen4U: Unifying Video Generation and Understanding via Diffusion7 Jul 2026
- 2026The Truth Lies Somewhere in the Middle (of the Generated Tokens)11 May 2026
- 2026Back into Plato's Cave: Examining Cross-modal Representational Convergence at Scale20 Apr 2026
- 2026Revisiting the Platonic Representation Hypothesis: An Aristotelian View16 Feb 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024TOPA: Extending Large Language Models for Video Understanding via Text-Only Pre-Alignment
- 2023Tagging before Alignment: Integrating Multi-Modal Tags for Video-Text Retrieval
- 2026Temporal and Cross-Modal Alignment for Enhanced Audiovisual Video Captioning
- 2026ViTAL-X: Video-Text Alignment with Cross-Modal Temporal Edits
- 2025Temporal-Visual Semantic Alignment: A Unified Architecture for Transferring Spatial Priors from Vision Models to Zero-Shot Temporal Tasks
- 2026DAPE: Dynamic Non-uniform Alignment and Progressive Detail Enhancement Techniques for Improving the Performance of Efficient Visual Language Models
- 2023VideoCon: Robust Video-Language Alignment via Contrast Captions
- 2025Can Text-to-Video Generation help Video-Language Alignment?