SCRIBE: Structured Chain Reasoning for Interactive Behaviour Explanations using Tool Calling
On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation
also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)
Language models can be used to provide interactive, personalized student feedback in educational settings. However, real-world deployment faces three key challenges: privacy concerns, limited computational resources, and the need for pedagogically valid responses. These constraints require small, open-source models that can run locally and reliably ground their outputs in correct information. We introduce SCRIBE, a framework for multi-hop, tool-augmented reasoning designed to generate valid responses to student questions about feedback reports. SCRIBE combines domain-specific tools with a self-reflective inference pipeline that supports iterative reasoning, tool use, and error recovery. We distil these capabilities into 3B and 8B models via two-stage LoRA fine-tuning on synthetic GPT-4o-generated data. Evaluation with a human-aligned GPT-Judge and a user study with 108 students shows that 8B-SCRIBE models achieve comparable or superior quality to much larger models in key dimensions such as relevance and actionability, while being perceived on par with GPT-4o and Llama-3.3 70B by students. These findings demonstrate the viability of SCRIBE for low-resource, privacy-sensitive educational applications.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 7 of its 75 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Oct 2025.
Builds on
7 of 75 references.
References · 7
- 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,049
- 2024GPT-4o System Cardcited by 4,467
- 2023ToolLLM: Facilitating Large Language Models to Master 16000+ Real-world APIscited by 1,880
- 2023C-Pack: Packed Resources For General Chinese Embeddingscited by 556
- 2024Towards Modeling Learner Performance with Large Language Modelscited by 20
- 2023DIVA: A Dirichlet Process Mixtures Based Incremental Deep Clustering Algorithm via Variational Auto-Encodercited by 1
- 2024iLLuMinaTE: An LLM-XAI Framework Leveraging Social Science Explanation Theories Towards Actionable Student Performance Feedbackcited by 1
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.
3 papers.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026How to Fine-Tune a Reasoning Model? A Teacher-Student Cooperation Framework to Synthesize Student-Consistent SFT Data
- 2025CoDAE: Adapting Large Language Models for Education via Chain-of-Thought Data Augmentation
- 2025ReFIne: A Framework for Trustworthy Large Reasoning Models with Reliability, Faithfulness, and Interpretability
- 2024Stepwise Verification and Remediation of Student Reasoning Errors with Large Language Model Tutors
- 2026Reasoning While Asking: Transforming Reasoning Large Language Models from Passive Solvers to Proactive Inquirers
- 2025Interactive Reasoning: Visualizing and Controlling Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Large Language Models
- 2026Teaching a Large Language Model Tutor to Withhold the Answer: A Supervisor Architecture and an Evidence-Driven Method for Tuning Socratic Behavior ↗
- 2026EduBehaviors: Assertion-based Schemas for Auditable Coding of Educational Dialogues