mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

AgentPack: A Dataset of Code Changes, Co-Authored by Agents and Humans

arXiv 2509.21891 ↗First posted 26 Sep 2025cs.SE cs.CLcited by 5

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Software engineering coding agents

Abstract (arXiv)

Fine-tuning large language models for code editing has typically relied on mining commits and pull requests. The working hypothesis has been that commit messages describe human intent in natural language, and patches to code describe the changes that implement that intent. However, much of the previously collected data is noisy: commit messages are terse, human-written commits commingle several unrelated edits, and many commits come from simple, rule-based bots. The recent adoption of software engineering agents changes this landscape. Code changes co-authored by humans and agents are often accompanied by substantially more explicit natural-language descriptions of intent and rationale. Moreover, when these changes land in public repositories, they are implicitly filtered by humans: maintainers discard low-quality commits to their projects. We present AgentPack, a corpus of 1.8M code edits co-authored by Claude Code, OpenAI Codex, and Cursor Agent across public GitHub projects up to early October 2025. We describe the identification and curation pipeline, quantify adoption trends of these agents, and analyze the structural properties of the edits. Finally, we show that models fine-tuned on AgentPack can outperform models trained on prior human-only commit corpora, highlighting the potential of using public data from software engineering agents to train future code-editing models.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Software engineering coding agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 20 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Sep 2025.

Builds on

20 of 35 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Training Software Engineering Agents and Verifiers with SWE-Gym30 Dec

Other references · 19

  1. 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,820
  2. 2021Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Codecited by 8,320
  3. 2023Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttentioncited by 5,944
  4. 2023Reflexion: Language Agents with Verbal Reinforcement Learningcited by 4,276
  5. 2021Program Synthesis with Large Language Modelscited by 3,637
  6. 2023DSPy: Compiling Declarative Language Model Calls into Self-Improving Pipelinescited by 832
  7. 2023WizardCoder: Empowering Code Large Language Models with Evol-Instructcited by 733
  8. 2022Demonstrate-Search-Predict: Composing retrieval and language models for knowledge-intensive NLPcited by 318
  9. 2025SWE-RL: Advancing LLM Reasoning via Reinforcement Learning on Open Software Evolutioncited by 263
  10. 2023Magicoder: Empowering Code Generation with OSS-Instructcited by 256
  11. 2024RLEF: Grounding Code LLMs in Execution Feedback with Reinforcement Learningcited by 151
  12. 2025OpenCodeReasoning: Advancing Data Distillation for Competitive Codingcited by 113
7 more
  1. 2025ACECODER: Acing Coder RL via Automated Test-Case Synthesiscited by 93
  2. 2024SelfCodeAlign: Self-Alignment for Code Generationcited by 62
  3. 2023Can It Edit? Evaluating the Ability of Large Language Models to Follow Code Editing Instructionscited by 48
  4. 2023Knowledge Transfer from High-Resource to Low-Resource Programming Languages for Code LLMscited by 45
  5. 2025Multi-Turn Code Generation Through Single-Step Rewardscited by 28
  6. 2020Detecting and Characterizing Bots that Commit Codecited by 10
  7. 2025Agnostics: Learning to Code in Any Programming Language via Reinforcement with a Universal Learning Environmentcited by 5

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 5.

5 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026How AI Coding Agents Modify Code: A Large-Scale Study of GitHub Pull Requests
  2. 2026Investigating Autonomous Agent Contributions in the Wild: Activity Patterns and Code Change over Time
  3. 2025On the Use of Agentic Coding: An Empirical Study of Pull Requests on GitHub
  4. 2026Detecting AI Coding Agents in Open Source: A Validated Multi-Method Census of 180 Million Repositories
  5. 2026Safer Builders, Risky Maintainers: A Comparative Study of Breaking Changes in Human vs Agentic PRs
  6. 2026AgentLogs: A Dataset for Opening the Black Box of GitHub's Cloud Agent
  7. 2024Evaluating Software Development Agents: Patch Patterns, Code Quality, and Issue Complexity in Real-World GitHub Scenarios
  8. 2026From Conversation to Contribution: Characterizing Coding Agent in Open-Source Software