Benchmarking Energy Efficiency of Large Language Models Using vLLM
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
The prevalence of Large Language Models (LLMs) is having an growing impact on the climate due to the substantial energy required for their deployment and use. To create awareness for developers who are implementing LLMs in their products, there is a strong need to collect more information about the energy efficiency of LLMs. While existing research has evaluated the energy efficiency of various models, these benchmarks often fall short of representing realistic production scenarios. In this paper, we introduce the LLM Efficiency Benchmark, designed to simulate real-world usage conditions. Our benchmark utilizes vLLM, a high-throughput, production-ready LLM serving backend that optimizes model performance and efficiency. We examine how factors such as model size, architecture, and concurrent request volume affect inference energy efficiency. Our findings demonstrate that it is possible to create energy efficiency benchmarks that better reflect practical deployment conditions, providing valuable insights for developers aiming to build more sustainable AI systems.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 8 of its 17 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Sep 2025.
Builds on
8 of 17 references.
References · 8
- 2023Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttentioncited by 5,944
- 2019HellaSwag: Can a Machine Really Finish Your Sentence?cited by 4,100
- 2019Quantifying the Carbon Emissions of Machine Learningcited by 521
- 2022Estimating the Carbon Footprint of BLOOM, a 176B Parameter Language Modelcited by 265
- 2020Towards the Systematic Reporting of the Energy and Carbon Footprints of Machine Learningcited by 249
- 2022Measuring the Carbon Intensity of AI in Cloud Instancescited by 111
- 2019Energy Usage Reports: Environmental awareness as part of algorithmic accountabilitycited by 44
- 2023Exploring the Carbon Footprint of Hugging Face's ML Models: A Repository Mining Studycited by 23
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.
3 papers.
- 2026Attention to Detail: Evaluating Energy, Performance, and Accuracy Trade-offs Across vLLM Configurationscited by 1
- 2026Lights, Camera, Carbon: Architectural Scaling Laws for Video Generation Energy Consumptioncited by 0
- 2026The Right Information Extraction Pipeline Depends on the Document: Accuracy-Energy Trade-offs for Small, Local Modelscited by 0
- 2026The Right Information Extraction Pipeline Depends on the Document: Accuracy-Energy Trade-offs for Small, Local Models25 Sep 2026
- 2026Attention to Detail: Evaluating Energy, Performance, and Accuracy Trade-offs Across vLLM Configurations10 Jul 2026
- 2026Lights, Camera, Carbon: Architectural Scaling Laws for Video Generation Energy Consumption5 Jul 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024Offline Energy-Optimal LLM Serving: Workload-Based Energy Models for LLM Inference on Heterogeneous Systems
- 2025Optimizing Large Language Models: Metrics, Energy Efficiency, and Case Study Insights
- 2026Understanding Efficiency: Quantization, Batching, and Serving Strategies in LLM Energy Use
- 2025EfficientLLM: Efficiency in Large Language Models
- 2025TokenPowerBench: Benchmarking the Power Consumption of LLM Inference
- 2024Towards Greener LLMs: Bringing Energy-Efficiency to the Forefront of LLM Inference
- 2024DynamoLLM: Designing LLM Inference Clusters for Performance and Energy Efficiency
- 2026AE-LLM: Adaptive Efficiency Optimization for Large Language Models