mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Standardization of Neuromuscular Reflex Analysis -- Role of Fine-Tuned Vision-Language Model Consortium and OpenAI gpt-oss Reasoning LLM Enabled Decision Support System

arXiv 2508.12473 ↗First posted 17 Aug 2025cs.CV cs.AIcited by 3

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Abstract (arXiv)

Accurate assessment of neuromuscular reflexes, such as the H-reflex, plays a critical role in sports science, rehabilitation, and clinical neurology. Traditional analysis of H-reflex EMG waveforms is subject to variability and interpretation bias among clinicians and researchers, limiting reliability and standardization. To address these challenges, we propose a Fine-Tuned Vision-Language Model (VLM) Consortium and a reasoning Large-Language Model (LLM)-enabled Decision Support System for automated H-reflex waveform interpretation and diagnosis. Our approach leverages multiple VLMs, each fine-tuned on curated datasets of H-reflex EMG waveform images annotated with clinical observations, recovery timelines, and athlete metadata. These models are capable of extracting key electrophysiological features and predicting neuromuscular states, including fatigue, injury, and recovery, directly from EMG images and contextual metadata. Diagnostic outputs from the VLM consortium are aggregated using a consensus-based method and refined by a specialized reasoning LLM, which ensures robust, transparent, and explainable decision support for clinicians and sports scientists. The end-to-end platform orchestrates seamless communication between the VLM ensemble and the reasoning LLM, integrating prompt engineering strategies and automated reasoning workflows using LLM Agents. Experimental results demonstrate that this hybrid system delivers highly accurate, consistent, and interpretable H-reflex assessments, significantly advancing the automation and standardization of neuromuscular diagnostics. To our knowledge, this work represents the first integration of a fine-tuned VLM consortium with a reasoning LLM for image-based H-reflex analysis, laying the foundation for next-generation AI-assisted neuromuscular assessment and athlete monitoring platforms.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 21 of its 55 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Aug 2025.

Builds on

21 of 55 references.

References · 21

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9 more
  1. 2024Stop Reasoning! When Multimodal LLM with Chain-of-Thought Reasoning Meets Adversarial Imagecited by 26
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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.

3 papers.

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  2. 2025FLEX: A Largescale Multimodal, Multiview Dataset for Learning Structured Representations for Fitness Action Quality Assessment
  3. 2026BioGait-VLM: A Tri-Modal Vision-Language-Biomechanics Framework for Interpretable Clinical Gait Assessment
  4. 2025The Potential and Limitations of Vision-Language Models for Human Motion Understanding: A Case Study in Data-Driven Stroke Rehabilitation
  5. 2024Can LLMs' Tuning Methods Work in Medical Multimodal Domain?
  6. 2023Large Language Models in Sport Science & Medicine: Opportunities, Risks and Considerations
  7. 2025Leveraging Large Language Models to Effectively Generate Visual Data for Canine Musculoskeletal Diagnoses
  8. 2026From Muscle Bursts to Motor Intent: Self-Supervised Token Modeling for Heterogeneous EMG