mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Smart Eyes for Silent Threats: VLMs and In-Context Learning for THz Imaging

arXiv 2507.15576 ↗First posted 21 Jul 2025cs.CL cs.CVcited by 2

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Abstract (arXiv)

Terahertz (THz) imaging enables non-invasive analysis for applications such as security screening and material classification, but effective image classification remains challenging due to limited annotations, low resolution, and visual ambiguity. We introduce In-Context Learning (ICL) with Vision-Language Models (VLMs) as a flexible, interpretable alternative that requires no fine-tuning. Using a modality-aligned prompting framework, we adapt two open-weight VLMs to the THz domain and evaluate them under zero-shot and one-shot settings. Our results show that ICL improves classification and interpretability in low-data regimes. This is the first application of ICL-enhanced VLMs to THz imaging, offering a promising direction for resource-constrained scientific domains. Code: hrefhttps://github.com/Nicolas-Poggi/ProjectTHzClassification/tree/mainGitHub repository.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 5 of its 15 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Jul 2025.

Builds on

5 of 15 references.

References · 5

  1. 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,396
  2. 2025Humanity's Last Examcited by 491
  3. 2024In-context learning enables multimodal large language models to classify cancer pathology imagescited by 38
  4. 2019Few-shot Learning for Domain-specific Fine-grained Image Classificationcited by 10
  5. 2024Beware of Aliases -- Signal Preservation is Crucial for Robust Image Restorationcited by 6

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.

2 papers.

  1. 2026Images as Tables: In-Context Learning with TabPFN for Low-Data Detection of AI-Generated Imagescited by 1
  2. 2026Failure or Drift? Evaluating Monocular SLAM under Synthetic and Real-World Corruptionscited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024VLM's Eye Examination: Instruct and Inspect Visual Competency of Vision Language Models
  2. 2025Image Recognition with Vision and Language Embeddings of VLMs
  3. 2026VLMaterial: Vision-Language Model-Based Camera-Radar Fusion for Physics-Grounded Material Identification ↗
  4. 2025In-Context Adaptation of VLMs for Few-Shot Cell Detection in Optical Microscopy
  5. 2025Online In-Context Distillation for Low-Resource Vision Language Models
  6. 2024EZ-HOI: VLM Adaptation via Guided Prompt Learning for Zero-Shot HOI Detection
  7. 2025Vision-Language In-Context Learning Driven Few-Shot Visual Inspection Model
  8. 2024An Empirical Study Into What Matters for Calibrating Vision-Language Models