Hybrid AI for Responsive Multi-Turn Online Conversations with Novel Dynamic Routing and Feedback Adaptation
On the map: Retrieval-augmented generation → Conversational and speech RAG
Abstract (arXiv)
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems and large language model (LLM)-powered chatbots have significantly advanced conversational AI by combining generative capabilities with external knowledge retrieval. Despite their success, enterprise-scale deployments face critical challenges, including diverse user queries, high latency, hallucinations, and difficulty integrating frequently updated domain-specific knowledge. This paper introduces a novel hybrid framework that integrates RAG with intent-based canned responses, leveraging predefined high-confidence responses for efficiency while dynamically routing complex or ambiguous queries to the RAG pipeline. Our framework employs a dialogue context manager to ensure coherence in multi-turn interactions and incorporates a feedback loop to refine intents, dynamically adjust confidence thresholds, and expand response coverage over time. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves a balance of high accuracy (95%) and low latency (180ms), outperforming RAG and intent-based systems across diverse query types, positioning it as a scalable and adaptive solution for enterprise conversational AI applications.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Conversational and speech RAG, one of 15 directions in Retrieval-augmented generation. Builds on 7 of its 11 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Jun 2025.
Builds on
7 of 11 references.
References · 7
- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,297
- 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,170
- 2020Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answeringcited by 3,824
- 2024Speculative RAG: Enhancing Retrieval Augmented Generation through Draftingcited by 77
- 2024Reinforcement Learning for Optimizing RAG for Domain Chatbotscited by 26
- 2024LLM for Barcodes: Generating Diverse Synthetic Data for Identity Documentscited by 12
- 2025Tokenization Matters: Improving Zero-Shot NER for Indic Languagescited by 12
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 4.
6 papers.
- 2025Can LLMs Narrate Tabular Data? An Evaluation Framework for Natural Language Representations of Text-to-SQL System Outputscited by 7
- 2025Who's Asking? Investigating Bias Through the Lens of Disability Framed Queries in LLMscited by 6
- 2026IndicJR: A Judge-Free Benchmark of Jailbreak Robustness in South Asian Languagescited by 5
- 2026JTPRO: A Joint Tool-Prompt Reflective Optimization Framework for Language Agentscited by 4
- 2026LLM-Guided Lifecycle-Aware Clustering of Multi-Turn Customer Support Conversationscited by 2
- 2026TingIS: Real-time Risk Event Discovery from Noisy Customer Incidents at Enterprise Scalecited by 0
- 2026TingIS: Real-time Risk Event Discovery from Noisy Customer Incidents at Enterprise Scale23 Apr 2026
- 2026JTPRO: A Joint Tool-Prompt Reflective Optimization Framework for Language Agents20 Apr 2026
- 2026IndicJR: A Judge-Free Benchmark of Jailbreak Robustness in South Asian Languages18 Feb 2026
- 2026LLM-Guided Lifecycle-Aware Clustering of Multi-Turn Customer Support Conversations7 Jan 2026
- 2025Can LLMs Narrate Tabular Data? An Evaluation Framework for Natural Language Representations of Text-to-SQL System Outputs27 Oct 2025
- 2025Who's Asking? Investigating Bias Through the Lens of Disability Framed Queries in LLMs18 Aug 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025A Knowledge Graph and a Tripartite Evaluation Framework Make Retrieval-Augmented Generation Scalable and Transparent
- 2025AI Knowledge Assist: An Automated Approach for the Creation of Knowledge Bases for Conversational AI Agents
- 2025HybridRAG: A Practical LLM-based ChatBot Framework based on Pre-Generated Q&A over Raw Unstructured Documents
- 2024Beyond-RAG: Question Identification and Answer Generation in Real-Time Conversations
- 2026RAG-DIVE: A Dynamic Approach for Multi-Turn Dialogue Evaluation in Retrieval-Augmented Generation
- 2025Dynamic Context Tuning for Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Enhancing Multi-Turn Planning and Tool Adaptation
- 2025Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Survey on Agentic RAG
- 2025MTRAG: A Multi-Turn Conversational Benchmark for Evaluating Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems