mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Towards Humanoid Robot Autonomy: A Dynamic Architecture Integrating Continuous thought Machines (CTM) and Model Context Protocol (MCP)

arXiv 2505.19339 ↗First posted 25 May 2025cs.RO cs.AIcited by 1

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Multimodal and embodied agents

Abstract (arXiv)

To address the gaps between the static pre-set "thinking-planning-action" of humanoid robots in unfamiliar scenarios and the highly programmed "call tool-return result" due to the lack of autonomous coding capabilities, this work designs a dynamic architecture connecting continuous thought machines (CTM) and model context protocol (MCP). It proposes a theoretical parallel solution through tick-slab and uses rank compression to achieve parameter suppression to provide a solution for achieving autonomous actions due to autonomous coding. The researcher used a simulation-based experiment using OpenAI's o4-mini-high as a tool to build the experimental environment, and introduced the extended SayCan dataset to conduct nine epochs of experiments. The experimental results show that the CTM-MCP architecture is feasible and effective through the data results of seven metrics: task success rate (TSR), execution success rate (ESR), average episode length (AEL), ROSCOE, REVEAL, proficiency self-assessment (PSA), task effectiveness (TE). In practice, it provides a reference experience for exploring the autonomous dynamic coding of humanoid robots based on continuous thinking to achieve human-like autonomous actions.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal and embodied agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 12 of its 21 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 May 2025.

Builds on

12 of 21 references.

References · 12

  1. 2022Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedbackcited by 3,050
  2. 2022Do As I Can, Not As I Say: Grounding Language in Robotic Affordancescited by 2,348
  3. 2024Evaluating Real-World Robot Manipulation Policies in Simulationcited by 495
  4. 2025Model Context Protocol (MCP): Landscape, Security Threats, and Future Research Directionscited by 265
  5. 2025A survey of agent interoperability protocols: Model Context Protocol (MCP), Agent Communication Protocol (ACP), Agent-to-Agent Protocol (A2A), and Agent Network Protocol (ANP)cited by 101
  6. 2025A Survey of AI Agent Protocolscited by 81
  7. 2025Enterprise-Grade Security for the Model Context Protocol (MCP): Frameworks and Mitigation Strategiescited by 42
  8. 2025Advancing Multi-Agent Systems Through Model Context Protocol: Architecture, Implementation, and Applicationscited by 23
  9. 2025Continuous Thought Machinescited by 22
  10. 2023Incremental Learning of Humanoid Robot Behavior from Natural Interaction and Large Language Modelscited by 19
  11. 2022Behavior Trees and State Machines in Robotics Applicationscited by 12
  12. 2025Sim-to-Real Transfer for Mobile Robots with Reinforcement Learning: from NVIDIA Isaac Sim to Gazebo and Real ROS 2 Robotscited by 7

Built on by

Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Autonomous Behavior Planning For Humanoid Loco-manipulation Through Grounded Language Model
  2. 2026Genie Sim 3.0 : A High-Fidelity Comprehensive Simulation Platform for Humanoid Robot
  3. 2026Vision-Language-Action Models: Experimental Insights from a Real-World UR5 Platform
  4. 2025Humanoid World Models: Open World Foundation Models for Humanoid Robotics
  5. 2026Human-Robot Interaction in GenAI Architectures via the Agent-Client Protocol
  6. 2024Grounding Language Models in Autonomous Loco-manipulation Tasks
  7. 2026Metamorphic Testing of Vision-Language Action-Enabled Robots
  8. 2025ROSBag MCP Server: Analyzing Robot Data with LLMs for Agentic Embodied AI Applications