ReadBench: Measuring the Dense Text Visual Reading Ability of Vision-Language Models
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → MLLM training and visual instruction tuning
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent advancements in Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs), have greatly enhanced their capability to jointly process text and images. However, despite extensive benchmarks evaluating visual comprehension (e.g., diagrams, color schemes, OCR tasks...), there is limited assessment of VLMs' ability to read and reason about text-rich images effectively. To fill this gap, we introduce ReadBench, a multimodal benchmark specifically designed to evaluate the reading comprehension capabilities of VLMs. ReadBench transposes contexts from established text-only benchmarks into images of text while keeping textual prompts and questions intact. Evaluating leading VLMs with ReadBench, we find minimal-but-present performance degradation on short, text-image inputs, while performance sharply declines for longer, multi-page contexts. Our experiments further reveal that text resolution has negligible effects on multimodal performance. These findings highlight needed improvements in VLMs, particularly their reasoning over visually presented extensive textual content, a capability critical for practical applications. ReadBench is available at https://github.com/answerdotai/ReadBench .
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in MLLM training and visual instruction tuning, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 20 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 May 2025.
Builds on
20 of 35 references.
References · 20
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- 2020DocVQA: A Dataset for VQA on Document Imagescited by 1,317
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8 more
- 2017Reading Wikipedia to Answer Open-Domain Questionscited by 777
- 2017The NarrativeQA Reading Comprehension Challengecited by 597
- 2023A Survey on Multimodal Large Language Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 290
- 2024VisRAG: Vision-based Retrieval-augmented Generation on Multi-modality Documentscited by 245
- 2024BABILong: Testing the Limits of LLMs with Long Context Reasoning-in-a-Haystackcited by 215
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- 2024Unifying Multimodal Retrieval via Document Screenshot Embeddingcited by 110
- 2024Resolution limit of the eye: how many pixels can we see?cited by 3
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 2.
3 papers.
- 2025Guided Query Refinement: Multimodal Hybrid Retrieval with Test-Time Optimizationcited by 12
- 2026Reading, Not Thinking: Understanding and Bridging the Modality Gap When Text Becomes Pixels in Multimodal LLMscited by 7
- 2026IRPAPERS: A Visual Document Benchmark for Scientific Retrieval and Question Answeringcited by 2
- 2026Reading, Not Thinking: Understanding and Bridging the Modality Gap When Text Becomes Pixels in Multimodal LLMs10 Mar 2026
- 2026IRPAPERS: A Visual Document Benchmark for Scientific Retrieval and Question Answering5 Feb 2026
- 2025Guided Query Refinement: Multimodal Hybrid Retrieval with Test-Time Optimization6 Oct 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026VISTA-Bench: Do Vision-Language Models Really Understand Visualized Text as Well as Pure Text?
- 2024MCTBench: Multimodal Cognition towards Text-Rich Visual Scenes Benchmark
- 2024SEED-Bench-2-Plus: Benchmarking Multimodal Large Language Models with Text-Rich Visual Comprehension
- 2024MMDocBench: Benchmarking Large Vision-Language Models for Fine-Grained Visual Document Understanding
- 2026ReViCo: Unveiling the Limitations of VLMs in Visual Text Understanding via Error Correction
- 2024JourneyBench: A Challenging One-Stop Vision-Language Understanding Benchmark of Generated Images
- 2023MM-BigBench: Evaluating Multimodal Models on Multimodal Content Comprehension Tasks
- 2024CODIS: Benchmarking Context-Dependent Visual Comprehension for Multimodal Large Language Models