MiniMax-Speech: Intrinsic Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech with a Learnable Speaker Encoder
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Abstract (arXiv)
We introduce MiniMax-Speech, an autoregressive Transformer-based Text-to-Speech (TTS) model that generates high-quality speech. A key innovation is our learnable speaker encoder, which extracts timbre features from a reference audio without requiring its transcription. This enables MiniMax-Speech to produce highly expressive speech with timbre consistent with the reference in a zero-shot manner, while also supporting one-shot voice cloning with exceptionally high similarity to the reference voice. In addition, the overall quality of the synthesized audio is enhanced through the proposed Flow-VAE. Our model supports 32 languages and demonstrates excellent performance across multiple objective and subjective evaluations metrics. Notably, it achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) results on objective voice cloning metrics (Word Error Rate and Speaker Similarity) and has secured the top position on the public TTS Arena leaderboard. Another key strength of MiniMax-Speech, granted by the robust and disentangled representations from the speaker encoder, is its extensibility without modifying the base model, enabling various applications such as: arbitrary voice emotion control via LoRA; text to voice (T2V) by synthesizing timbre features directly from text description; and professional voice cloning (PVC) by fine-tuning timbre features with additional data. We encourage readers to visit https://minimax-ai.github.io/tts_tech_report for more examples.
Key facts. Cited by 48 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 12 May 2025.
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 15; 2026: 33.
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- 2026JoyAI-Voice 2.0: A Full-Continuous Autoregressive Speech Generation Model with Semantic-Acoustic Joint Representation29 Sep 2026
- 2026WST-Graph: Topology-Preserving Wavelet Scattering Front-End for Speech Deepfake Detection24 Sep 2026
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- 2026ZONOS2 Technical Report23 Jun 2026
- 2026Reference-Driven Multi-Speaker Audio Scene Generation from In-the-Wild Priors17 Jun 2026
36 more
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- 2026dots.tts Technical Report5 Jun 2026
- 2026PilotTTS: A Disciplined Modular Recipe for Competitive Speech Synthesis26 May 2026
- 2026RobustSpeechFlow: Learning Robust Text-to-Speech Trajectories via Augmentation-based Contrastive Flow Matching21 May 2026
- 2026X-Voice: Enabling Everyone to Speak 30 Languages via Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Voice Cloning7 May 2026
- 2026Talker-T2AV: Joint Talking Audio-Video Generation with Autoregressive Diffusion Modeling26 Apr 2026
- 2026Qwen3.5-Omni Technical Report17 Apr 2026
- 2026Raon-Speech Technical Report8 Apr 2026
- 2026OmniVoice: Towards Omnilingual Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech with Diffusion Language Models1 Apr 2026
- 2026LongCat-AudioDiT: High-Fidelity Diffusion Text-to-Speech in the Waveform Latent Space31 Mar 2026
- 2026Voxtral TTS26 Mar 2026
- 2026Dynin-Omni: Omnimodal Unified Large Diffusion Language Model9 Mar 2026
- 2026Fish Audio S2 Technical Report9 Mar 2026
- 2026UniTalking: A Unified Audio-Video Framework for Talking Portrait Generation2 Mar 2026
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- 2026Covo-Audio Technical Report10 Feb 2026
- 2026Qwen3-TTS Technical Report22 Jan 2026
- 2026DeepASMR: LLM-Based Zero-Shot ASMR Speech Generation for Anyone of Any Voice22 Jan 2026
- 2026Habibi: Laying the Open-Source Foundation of Unified-Dialectal Arabic Speech Synthesis20 Jan 2026
- 2026Unifying Speech Recognition, Synthesis and Conversion with Autoregressive Transformers15 Jan 2026
- 2026IndexTTS 2.5 Technical Report7 Jan 2026
- 2025Task Vector in TTS: Toward Emotionally Expressive Dialectal Speech Synthesis21 Dec 2025
- 2025TeachMaster: Generative Teaching via Code7 Dec 2025
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- 2025BatonVoice: An Operationalist Framework for Enhancing Controllable Speech Synthesis with Linguistic Intelligence from LLMs30 Sep 2025
- 2025Selective Classifier-free Guidance for Zero-shot Text-to-speech24 Sep 2025
- 2025Qwen3-Omni Technical Report22 Sep 2025
- 2025MNV-17: A High-Quality Performative Mandarin Dataset for Nonverbal Vocalization Recognition in Speech19 Sep 2025
- 2025Cross-Lingual F5-TTS: Towards Language-Agnostic Voice Cloning and Speech Synthesis18 Sep 2025
- 2025A Lightweight Pipeline for Noisy Speech Voice Cloning and Accurate Lip Sync Synthesis16 Sep 2025
- 2025MoE-TTS: Enhancing Out-of-Domain Text Understanding for Description-based TTS via Mixture-of-Experts15 Aug 2025
- 2025TTS-1 Technical Report22 Jul 2025
- 2025Step-Audio 2 Technical Report22 Jul 2025
- 2025Quantize More, Lose Less: Autoregressive Generation from Residually Quantized Speech Representations16 Jul 2025
- 2025Exploiting Leaderboards for Large-Scale Distribution of Malicious Models11 Jul 2025
- 2025Shallow Flow Matching for Coarse-to-Fine Text-to-Speech Synthesis18 May 2025
- 2026OmniVoice: Towards Omnilingual Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech with Diffusion Language Modelscited by 25
- 2025Cross-Lingual F5-TTS: Towards Language-Agnostic Voice Cloning and Speech Synthesiscited by 5
- 2026Dynin-Omni: Omnimodal Unified Large Diffusion Language Modelcited by 5
- 2026dots.tts Technical Reportcited by 4
- 2026LongCat-AudioDiT: High-Fidelity Diffusion Text-to-Speech in the Waveform Latent Spacecited by 3
- 2025Shallow Flow Matching for Coarse-to-Fine Text-to-Speech Synthesiscited by 2
- 2026Talker-T2AV: Joint Talking Audio-Video Generation with Autoregressive Diffusion Modelingcited by 2
- 2026RobustSpeechFlow: Learning Robust Text-to-Speech Trajectories via Augmentation-based Contrastive Flow Matchingcited by 0
- 2026MiDashengLM-Gen: Unified Audio Scene Generation via LLM-Driven Autoregressive Flow Matchingcited by 0
- 2026CPR: Combining global composing, local performing and full-sequence refining in piano rendering with continuous autoregressive modellingcited by 0
- 2026JoyAI-Voice 2.0: A Full-Continuous Autoregressive Speech Generation Model with Semantic-Acoustic Joint Representationcited by 0
- 2026JoyAI-Voice 2.0: A Full-Continuous Autoregressive Speech Generation Model with Semantic-Acoustic Joint Representation29 Sep 2026
- 2026CPR: Combining global composing, local performing and full-sequence refining in piano rendering with continuous autoregressive modelling16 Sep 2026
- 2026MiDashengLM-Gen: Unified Audio Scene Generation via LLM-Driven Autoregressive Flow Matching12 Aug 2026
- 2026dots.tts Technical Report5 Jun 2026
- 2026RobustSpeechFlow: Learning Robust Text-to-Speech Trajectories via Augmentation-based Contrastive Flow Matching21 May 2026
- 2026Talker-T2AV: Joint Talking Audio-Video Generation with Autoregressive Diffusion Modeling26 Apr 2026
- 2026OmniVoice: Towards Omnilingual Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech with Diffusion Language Models1 Apr 2026
- 2026LongCat-AudioDiT: High-Fidelity Diffusion Text-to-Speech in the Waveform Latent Space31 Mar 2026
- 2026Dynin-Omni: Omnimodal Unified Large Diffusion Language Model9 Mar 2026
- 2025Cross-Lingual F5-TTS: Towards Language-Agnostic Voice Cloning and Speech Synthesis18 Sep 2025
- 2025Shallow Flow Matching for Coarse-to-Fine Text-to-Speech Synthesis18 May 2025
- 2026Qwen3.5-Omni Technical Reportcited by 174
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- 2025MoE-TTS: Enhancing Out-of-Domain Text Understanding for Description-based TTS via Mixture-of-Experts15 Aug 2025
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12 most cited of 31 All 31 (JSON)
- 2026Training a Compact, Strong, and Realistic Text-to-Speech Model10 Oct 2026
- 2026VoTSpeech: Decoupling Voice Design from Speech Generation in Instruction-Following TTS10 Oct 2026
- 2026WST-Graph: Topology-Preserving Wavelet Scattering Front-End for Speech Deepfake Detection24 Sep 2026
- 2026AuK Technical Report: An Open-Source Foundational Model for Speech Generation and Editing8 Sep 2026
- 2026Building and Evaluating Fixed-Voice Thai TTS from Synthetic Speech3 Sep 2026
- 2026Confucius4-TTS: Transcript-Free Cross-Lingual Zero-Shot TTS with a Learnable Speaker Encoder12 Aug 2026
- 2026Reference-Driven Multi-Speaker Audio Scene Generation from In-the-Wild Priors17 Jun 2026
- 2026EmoInstruct-TTS: Dual-Path Instruction-Guided Emotional Speech Synthesis8 Jun 2026
- 2026PilotTTS: A Disciplined Modular Recipe for Competitive Speech Synthesis26 May 2026
- 2026X-Voice: Enabling Everyone to Speak 30 Languages via Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Voice Cloning7 May 2026
- 2026Raon-Speech Technical Report8 Apr 2026
- 2026Voxtral TTS26 Mar 2026
12 newest of 31 All 31 (JSON)