mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

ReXGradient-160K: A Large-Scale Publicly Available Dataset of Chest Radiographs with Free-text Reports

arXiv 2505.00228 ↗First posted 1 May 2025eess.IV cs.CVcited by 27

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present ReXGradient-160K, representing the largest publicly available chest X-ray dataset to date in terms of the number of patients. This dataset contains 160,000 chest X-ray studies with paired radiological reports from 109,487 unique patients across 3 U.S. health systems (79 medical sites). This comprehensive dataset includes multiple images per study and detailed radiology reports, making it particularly valuable for the development and evaluation of AI systems for medical imaging and automated report generation models. The dataset is divided into training (140,000 studies), validation (10,000 studies), and public test (10,000 studies) sets, with an additional private test set (10,000 studies) reserved for model evaluation on the ReXrank benchmark. By providing this extensive dataset, we aim to accelerate research in medical imaging AI and advance the state-of-the-art in automated radiological analysis. Our dataset will be open-sourced at https://huggingface.co/datasets/rajpurkarlab/ReXGradient-160K.

Key facts. Cited by 27 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 4 of its 9 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 May 2025.

Builds on

4 of 9 references.

References · 4

  1. 2024MAIRA-2: Grounded Radiology Report Generationcited by 145
  2. 2023Interactive and Explainable Region-guided Radiology Report Generationcited by 140
  3. 2024MedVersa: A Generalist Foundation Model for Medical Image Interpretationcited by 38
  4. 2024ReXrank: A Public Leaderboard for AI-Powered Radiology Report Generationcited by 25

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 6; 2026: 21.

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  1. 2025RadEval: A framework for radiology text evaluationcited by 22
  2. 2025ReXVQA: A Large-scale Visual Question Answering Benchmark for Generalist Chest X-ray Understandingcited by 20
  3. 2026Scaling medical imaging report generation with multimodal reinforcement learningcited by 9
  4. 2026CRIMSON: A Clinically-Grounded LLM-Based Metric for Generative Radiology Report Evaluationcited by 9
  5. 2025CheXGenBench: A Unified Benchmark For Fidelity, Privacy and Utility of Synthetic Chest Radiographscited by 5
  6. 2026A Reasoning-Enabled Vision-Language Foundation Model for Chest X-ray Interpretationcited by 5
  7. 2025EditGRPO: Reinforcement Learning with Post-Rollout Edits for Clinically Accurate Chest X-Ray Report Generationcited by 4
  8. 2026ECHO: Efficient Chest X-ray Report Generation with One-step Block Diffusioncited by 4
  9. 2026SDR: Set-Distance Rewards for Radiology Report Generationcited by 3
  10. 2026MedTutor: A Retrieval-Augmented LLM System for Case-Based Medical Educationcited by 2
  11. 2026A data- and compute-efficient chest X-ray foundation model beyond aggressive scalingcited by 2
  12. 2026Scaling Generative Foundation Models for Chest Radiography with Rectified Flow Transformerscited by 2
15 more
  1. 2025RadGame: An AI-Powered Platform for Radiology Educationcited by 1
  2. 2026Temporal Inversion for Learning Interval Change in Chest X-Rayscited by 1
  3. 2026SemEnrich: Self-Supervised Semantic Enrichment of Radiology Reports for Vision-Language Learningcited by 1
  4. 2026CheXTemporal: A Dataset for Temporally-Grounded Reasoning in Chest Radiographycited by 1
  5. 2025RadHiera: Semantic Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning for Medical Report Generationcited by 0
  6. 2026Measuring What VLMs Don't Say: Validation Metrics Hide Clinical Terminology Erasure in Radiology Report Generationcited by 0
  7. 2026CXR-ContraBench: Benchmarking Negated-Option Attraction in Medical VLMscited by 0
  8. 2026Transition-Aware best-of-N sampling for Longitudinal Chest X-ray Reportscited by 0
  9. 2026Harrison.Rad 1.5 Technical Report: A radiology foundation model that can draft reports from images, priors and clinical contextcited by 0
  10. 2026Prospective clinical indication, post-hoc report leakage, and fusion design in multi-image chest radiograph classification: a patient-clustered evaluationcited by 0
  11. 2026RadHarmony: Radiological Data Handling in the Era of Agentic AIcited by 0
  12. 2026CARE-X: Towards Clinically Useful Radiology VLMs with Auxiliary Supervision, Reward-Aligned Learning, and Tool-Augmented Measurementcited by 0
  13. 2026Reporting Practice Matters: The Impact of Reference Choice on Chest X-ray Report Evaluationcited by 0
  14. 2026CliQ-RRG: Clinical-Knowledge Guided Disease-aware Visual-Textual Alignment for QA-Style Radiology Report Generationcited by 0
  15. 2026Intent-Triggered Anchoring for Multi-Token Format Units in Parallel Decoding of Diffusion Language Modelscited by 0