mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

MusFlow: Multimodal Music Generation via Conditional Flow Matching

arXiv 2504.13535 ↗First posted 18 Apr 2025cs.SD cs.MM eess.AScited by 4

On the map: Diffusion models → Audio, speech and music

Abstract (arXiv)

Music generation aims to create music segments that align with human aesthetics based on diverse conditional information. Despite advancements in generating music from specific textual descriptions (e.g., style, genre, instruments), the practical application is still hindered by ordinary users' limited expertise or time to write accurate prompts. To bridge this application gap, this paper introduces MusFlow, a novel multimodal music generation model using Conditional Flow Matching. We employ multiple Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) to align multimodal conditional information into the audio's CLAP embedding space. Conditional flow matching is trained to reconstruct the compressed Mel-spectrogram in the pretrained VAE latent space guided by aligned feature embedding. MusFlow can generate music from images, story texts, and music captions. To collect data for model training, inspired by multi-agent collaboration, we construct an intelligent data annotation workflow centered around a fine-tuned Qwen2-VL model. Using this workflow, we build a new multimodal music dataset, MMusSet, with each sample containing a quadruple of image, story text, music caption, and music piece. We conduct four sets of experiments: image-to-music, story-to-music, caption-to-music, and multimodal music generation. Experimental results demonstrate that MusFlow can generate high-quality music pieces whether the input conditions are unimodal or multimodal. We hope this work can advance the application of music generation in multimedia field, making music creation more accessible. Our generated samples, code and dataset are available at musflow.github.io.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Audio, speech and music, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 35 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Apr 2025.

Builds on

35 of 53 references.

Closest ancestors · 6

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Mustango: Toward Controllable Text-to-Music Generation14 Nov
  2. 2023VoiceFlow: Efficient Text-to-Speech with Rectified Flow Matching10 Sep
  3. 2023Matcha-TTS: A fast TTS architecture with conditional flow matching6 Sep
  4. 2023AudioLDM 2: Learning Holistic Audio Generation with Self-supervised Pretraining10 Aug
  5. 2023MusicLDM: Enhancing Novelty in Text-to-Music Generation Using Beat-Synchronous Mixup Strategies3 Aug
  6. 2023Noise2Music: Text-conditioned Music Generation with Diffusion Models8 Feb

Other references · 29

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 8,964
  3. 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolutioncited by 4,151
  4. 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,094
  5. 2018Neural Ordinary Differential Equationscited by 3,733
  6. 2022Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flowcited by 3,550
  7. 2023QLoRA: Efficient Finetuning of Quantized LLMscited by 3,355
  8. 2021CLIPScore: A Reference-free Evaluation Metric for Image Captioningcited by 2,388
  9. 2013Sinkhorn Distances: Lightspeed Computation of Optimal Transportation Distancescited by 2,277
  10. 2023ImageBind: One Embedding Space To Bind Them Allcited by 1,162
  11. 2020HiFi-GAN: Generative Adversarial Networks for Efficient and High Fidelity Speech Synthesiscited by 1,139
  12. 2022Building Normalizing Flows with Stochastic Interpolantscited by 964
17 more
  1. 2023Improving and generalizing flow-based generative models with minibatch optimal transportcited by 835
  2. 2018Computational Optimal Transportcited by 765
  3. 2021BARTScore: Evaluating Generated Text as Text Generationcited by 719
  4. 2020A Survey on Contrastive Self-supervised Learningcited by 553
  5. 2024CosyVoice: A Scalable Multilingual Zero-shot Text-to-speech Synthesizer based on Supervised Semantic Tokenscited by 323
  6. 2022Rectified Flow: A Marginal Preserving Approach to Optimal Transportcited by 277
  7. 2020MiniLMv2: Multi-Head Self-Attention Relation Distillation for Compressing Pretrained Transformerscited by 240
  8. 2016FMA: A Dataset For Music Analysiscited by 205
  9. 2023Any-to-Any Generation via Composable Diffusioncited by 203
  10. 2021Video Background Music Generation with Controllable Music Transformercited by 55
  11. 2023Video2Music: Suitable Music Generation from Videos using an Affective Multimodal Transformer modelcited by 37
  12. 2022Video Background Music Generation: Dataset, Method and Evaluationcited by 28
  13. 2017Music Generation by Deep Learning - Challenges and Directionscited by 24
  14. 2024MusicFlow: Cascaded Flow Matching for Text Guided Music Generationcited by 14
  15. 2022A Review of Intelligent Music Generation Systemscited by 11
  16. 2023A Survey of AI Music Generation Tools and Modelscited by 9
  17. 2024Bridging Paintings and Music -- Exploring Emotion based Music Generation through Paintingscited by 6

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 2.

4 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024MuVi: Video-to-Music Generation with Semantic Alignment and Rhythmic Synchronization
  2. 2024Quality-aware Masked Diffusion Transformer for Enhanced Music Generation
  3. 2025Auto-Regressive vs Flow-Matching: a Comparative Study of Modeling Paradigms for Text-to-Music Generation
  4. 2023JEN-1: Text-Guided Universal Music Generation with Omnidirectional Diffusion Models
  5. 2026Pushing the Frontier of Full-Song Generation: Hierarchical Autoregressive Planning Meets Flow-Matching Rendering
  6. 2025Diff-V2M: A Hierarchical Conditional Diffusion Model with Explicit Rhythmic Modeling for Video-to-Music Generation
  7. 2025MR-FlowDPO: Multi-Reward Direct Preference Optimization for Flow-Matching Text-to-Music Generation
  8. 2024MeLFusion: Synthesizing Music from Image and Language Cues using Diffusion Models