mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

HalluciNot: Hallucination Detection Through Context and Common Knowledge Verification

arXiv 2504.07069 ↗First posted 9 Apr 2025cs.CL cs.AIcited by 13

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Abstract (arXiv)

This paper introduces a comprehensive system for detecting hallucinations in large language model (LLM) outputs in enterprise settings. We present a novel taxonomy of LLM responses specific to hallucination in enterprise applications, categorizing them into context-based, common knowledge, enterprise-specific, and innocuous statements. Our hallucination detection model HDM-2 validates LLM responses with respect to both context and generally known facts (common knowledge). It provides both hallucination scores and word-level annotations, enabling precise identification of problematic content. To evaluate it on context-based and common-knowledge hallucinations, we introduce a new dataset HDMBench. Experimental results demonstrate that HDM-2 out-performs existing approaches across RagTruth, TruthfulQA, and HDMBench datasets. This work addresses the specific challenges of enterprise deployment, including computational efficiency, domain specialization, and fine-grained error identification. Our evaluation dataset, model weights, and inference code are publicly available.

Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 36 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Apr 2025.

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24 of 36 references.

References · 24

  1. 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,297
  2. 2018GLUE: A Multi-Task Benchmark and Analysis Platform for Natural Language Understandingcited by 4,899
  3. 2022Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedbackcited by 3,050
  4. 2021TruthfulQA: Measuring How Models Mimic Human Falsehoodscited by 2,975
  5. 2022Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Knowcited by 1,856
  6. 2024A Survey on LLM-as-a-Judgecited by 1,423
  7. 2023REPLUG: Retrieval-Augmented Black-Box Language Modelscited by 792
  8. 2022Teaching Models to Express Their Uncertainty in Wordscited by 751
  9. 2021Retrieval Augmentation Reduces Hallucination in Conversationcited by 692
  10. 2024LLM Evaluators Recognize and Favor Their Own Generationscited by 686
  11. 2023The Internal State of an LLM Knows When It's Lyingcited by 659
  12. 2020How Can We Know When Language Models Know? On the Calibration of Language Models for Question Answeringcited by 445
12 more
  1. 2023Making Retrieval-Augmented Language Models Robust to Irrelevant Contextcited by 369
  2. 2024Justice or Prejudice? Quantifying Biases in LLM-as-a-Judgecited by 368
  3. 2023RAGTruth: A Hallucination Corpus for Developing Trustworthy Retrieval-Augmented Language Modelscited by 283
  4. 2023FacTool: Factuality Detection in Generative AI -- A Tool Augmented Framework for Multi-Task and Multi-Domain Scenarioscited by 251
  5. 2022Factuality Enhanced Language Models for Open-Ended Text Generationcited by 202
  6. 2024Hallucination-Free? Assessing the Reliability of Leading AI Legal Research Toolscited by 176
  7. 2023LM vs LM: Detecting Factual Errors via Cross Examinationcited by 156
  8. 2024Fine-grained Hallucination Detection and Editing for Language Modelscited by 149
  9. 2024HaloScope: Harnessing Unlabeled LLM Generations for Hallucination Detectioncited by 99
  10. 2024CrossCheckGPT: Universal Hallucination Ranking for Multimodal Foundation Modelscited by 18
  11. 2024Hallucination Detection in LLMs: Fast and Memory-Efficient Fine-Tuned Modelscited by 15
  12. 2024Enhancing Hallucination Detection through Perturbation-Based Synthetic Data Generation in System Responsescited by 5

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