mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

LLMPi: Optimizing LLMs for High-Throughput on Raspberry Pi

arXiv 2504.02118 ↗First posted 2 Apr 2025cs.LG cs.AIcited by 3

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Abstract (arXiv)

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on resource-constrained edge devices like the Raspberry Pi presents challenges in computational efficiency, power consumption, and response latency. This paper explores quantization-based optimization techniques to enable high-throughput, energy-efficient execution of LLMs on low-power embedded systems. Our approach leverages k-quantization, a Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) method designed for different bit-widths, enabling efficient 2-bit, 4-bit, 6-bit, and 8-bit weight quantization. Additionally, we employ ternary quantization using Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) for BitNet models, allowing for more effective adaptation to lower-bit representations while preserving accuracy. Our findings highlight the potential of quantized LLMs for real-time conversational AI on edge devices, paving the way for low-power, high-efficiency AI deployment in mobile and embedded applications. This study demonstrates that aggressive quantization strategies can significantly reduce energy consumption while maintaining inference quality, making LLMs practical for resource-limited environments.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 25 of its 38 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Apr 2025.

Builds on

25 of 38 references.

References · 25

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13 more
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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.

3 papers.

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  1. 2025Sustainable LLM Inference for Edge AI: Evaluating Quantized LLMs for Energy Efficiency, Output Accuracy, and Inference Latency
  2. 2025A Systematic Evaluation of On-Device LLMs: Quantization, Performance, and Resources
  3. 2025Optimizing LLMs Using Quantization for Mobile Execution
  4. 2026From Bits to Chips: An LLM-based Hardware-Aware Quantization Agent for Streamlined Deployment of LLMs
  5. 2024Optimizing Large Language Models through Quantization: A Comparative Analysis of PTQ and QAT Techniques
  6. 2025An Evaluation of LLMs Inference on Popular Single-board Computers
  7. 2026Quant.npu: Enabling Efficient Mobile NPU Inference for on-device LLMs via Fully Static Quantization
  8. 2024A Comprehensive Study on Quantization Techniques for Large Language Models