Can Test-Time Scaling Improve World Foundation Model?
On the map: LLM reasoning → Test-time compute and efficient thinking
Abstract (arXiv)
World foundation models, which simulate the physical world by predicting future states from current observations and inputs, have become central to many applications in physical intelligence, including autonomous driving and robotics. However, these models require substantial computational resources for pretraining and are further constrained by available data during post-training. As such, scaling computation at test time emerges as both a critical and practical alternative to traditional model enlargement or re-training. In this work, we introduce SWIFT, a test-time scaling framework tailored for WFMs. SWIFT integrates our extensible WFM evaluation toolkit with process-level inference strategies, including fast tokenization, probability-based Top-K pruning, and efficient beam search. Empirical results on the COSMOS model demonstrate that test-time scaling exists even in a compute-optimal way. Our findings reveal that test-time scaling laws hold for WFMs and that SWIFT provides a scalable and effective pathway for improving WFM inference without retraining or increasing model size. Project page: https://scalingwfm.github.io/.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Test-time compute and efficient thinking, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 27 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 Mar 2025.
Builds on
27 of 41 references.
Closest ancestors · 1
Same direction, newest first
- 2024Scaling LLM Test-Time Compute Optimally can be More Effective than Scaling Model Parameters6 Aug
Other references · 26
- 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 9,743
- 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learningcited by 6,146
- 2023Stable Video Diffusion: Scaling Latent Video Diffusion Models to Large Datasetscited by 2,526
- 2019Dream to Control: Learning Behaviors by Latent Imaginationcited by 1,598
- 2018World Modelscited by 1,444
- 2023Math-Shepherd: Verify and Reinforce LLMs Step-by-step without Human Annotationscited by 895
- 2025Cosmos World Foundation Model Platform for Physical AIcited by 833
- 2023GAIA-1: A Generative World Model for Autonomous Drivingcited by 618
- 2023VideoCrafter1: Open Diffusion Models for High-Quality Video Generationcited by 530
- 2025Continuous 3D Perception Model with Persistent Statecited by 527
- 2024AFlow: Automating Agentic Workflow Generationcited by 395
- 2024Pyramidal Flow Matching for Efficient Video Generative Modelingcited by 354
14 more
- 2024Vista: A Generalizable Driving World Model with High Fidelity and Versatile Controllabilitycited by 337
- 2024DeepSeek-Coder-V2: Breaking the Barrier of Closed-Source Models in Code Intelligencecited by 325
- 2025Inference-Time Scaling for Diffusion Models beyond Scaling Denoising Stepscited by 225
- 2024VideoScore: Building Automatic Metrics to Simulate Fine-grained Human Feedback for Video Generationcited by 190
- 2024DeepSeek-Prover-V1.5: Harnessing Proof Assistant Feedback for Reinforcement Learning and Monte-Carlo Tree Searchcited by 189
- 2024Autoregressive Video Generation without Vector Quantizationcited by 180
- 2025Can We Generate Images with CoT? Let's Verify and Reinforce Image Generation Step by Stepcited by 130
- 2023Let's reward step by step: Step-Level reward model as the Navigators for Reasoningcited by 96
- 2024DrivingWorld: Constructing World Model for Autonomous Driving via Video GPTcited by 66
- 2024Make Every Move Count: LLM-based High-Quality RTL Code Generation Using MCTScited by 42
- 2024ComfyBench: Benchmarking LLM-based Agents in ComfyUI for Autonomously Designing Collaborative AI Systemscited by 30
- 2024ACT-Bench: Towards Action Controllable World Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 14
- 2024BEATS: Optimizing LLM Mathematical Capabilities with BackVerify and Adaptive Disambiguate based Efficient Tree Searchcited by 13
- 2024ComfyGen: Prompt-Adaptive Workflows for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 11
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 5.
7 papers.
- 2026Temporal Backtracking Search for Test-time Generative Video Reasoningcited by 3
- 2025How Far Are We from Generating Missing Modalities with Foundation Models?cited by 1
- 2026A Physics-Grounded Benchmark for Multi-Agent Dynamics in World Modelscited by 1
- 2026Interpretable Adaptive Sampling for LLM Test-Time Scalingcited by 1
- 2025CADMorph: Geometry-Driven Parametric CAD Editing via a Plan-Generate-Verify Loopcited by 0
- 2026Harnessing Photonics for Machine Intelligencecited by 0
- 2026Test-Time Scaling in Multimodal Foundation Models: A Comprehensive Survey of Generation and Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026Interpretable Adaptive Sampling for LLM Test-Time Scaling4 Aug 2026
- 2026A Physics-Grounded Benchmark for Multi-Agent Dynamics in World Models27 Jun 2026
- 2026Temporal Backtracking Search for Test-time Generative Video Reasoning11 Jun 2026
- 2026Test-Time Scaling in Multimodal Foundation Models: A Comprehensive Survey of Generation and Reasoning6 Jun 2026
- 2026Harnessing Photonics for Machine Intelligence12 Apr 2026
- 2025CADMorph: Geometry-Driven Parametric CAD Editing via a Plan-Generate-Verify Loop12 Dec 2025
- 2025How Far Are We from Generating Missing Modalities with Foundation Models?4 Jun 2025
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