AI-native Memory 2.0: Second Me
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Abstract (arXiv)
Human interaction with the external world fundamentally involves the exchange of personal memory, whether with other individuals, websites, applications, or, in the future, AI agents. A significant portion of this interaction is redundant, requiring users to repeatedly provide the same information across different contexts. Existing solutions, such as browser-stored credentials, autofill mechanisms, and unified authentication systems, have aimed to mitigate this redundancy by serving as intermediaries that store and retrieve commonly used user data. The advent of large language models (LLMs) presents an opportunity to redefine memory management through an AI-native paradigm: SECOND ME. SECOND ME acts as an intelligent, persistent memory offload system that retains, organizes, and dynamically utilizes user-specific knowledge. By serving as an intermediary in user interactions, it can autonomously generate context-aware responses, prefill required information, and facilitate seamless communication with external systems, significantly reducing cognitive load and interaction friction. Unlike traditional memory storage solutions, SECOND ME extends beyond static data retention by leveraging LLM-based memory parameterization. This enables structured organization, contextual reasoning, and adaptive knowledge retrieval, facilitating a more systematic and intelligent approach to memory management. As AI-driven personal agents like SECOND ME become increasingly integrated into digital ecosystems, SECOND ME further represents a critical step toward augmenting human-world interaction with persistent, contextually aware, and self-optimizing memory systems. We have open-sourced the fully localizable deployment system at GitHub: https://github.com/Mindverse/Second-Me.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 13 of its 20 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Mar 2025.
Builds on
13 of 20 references.
References · 13
- 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,459
- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,297
- 2023Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Modelcited by 8,065
- 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learningcited by 6,330
- 2022FlashAttention: Fast and Memory-Efficient Exact Attention with IO-Awarenesscited by 3,673
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- 2023In-Context Retrieval-Augmented Language Modelscited by 702
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1 more
- 2024AI-native Memory: A Pathway from LLMs Towards AGIcited by 12
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 7; 2026: 7.
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- 2025Agent KB: Leveraging Cross-Domain Experience for Agentic Problem Solvingcited by 94
- 2025Mem-α: Learning Memory Construction via Reinforcement Learningcited by 55
- 2025O-Mem: Omni Memory System for Personalized, Long Horizon, Self-Evolving Agentscited by 32
- 2026PersonaVLM: Long-Term Personalized Multimodal LLMscited by 11
- 2025RGMem: Renormalization Group-inspired Memory Evolution for Language Agentscited by 7
- 2026CloneMem: Benchmarking Long-Term Memory for AI Clonescited by 6
- 2026How to Count AIs: Individuation and Liability for AI Agentscited by 5
- 2025RubikSQL: Lifelong Learning Agentic Knowledge Base as an Industrial NL2SQL Systemcited by 4
- 2025Text2Mem: A Unified Memory Operation Language for Memory Operating Systemcited by 3
- 2025SoDA: An Efficient Interaction Paradigm for the Agentic Webcited by 2
- 2026Revolutionizing Long-Term Memory in AI: New Horizons with High-Capacity and High-Speed Storagecited by 1
- 2026Memory as Metabolism: A Design for Companion Knowledge Systemscited by 1
- 2026AgentWebRec: Compact Evidence Fusion over the Agent Web for Personalized Recommendation1 Oct 2026
- 2026HEART-Bench: Do LLM Agents Exhibit Human-like Psychology?28 May 2026
- 2026Memory as Metabolism: A Design for Companion Knowledge Systems13 Apr 2026
- 2026PersonaVLM: Long-Term Personalized Multimodal LLMs20 Mar 2026
- 2026How to Count AIs: Individuation and Liability for AI Agents24 Feb 2026
- 2026Revolutionizing Long-Term Memory in AI: New Horizons with High-Capacity and High-Speed Storage18 Feb 2026
- 2026CloneMem: Benchmarking Long-Term Memory for AI Clones11 Jan 2026
- 2025SoDA: An Efficient Interaction Paradigm for the Agentic Web11 Dec 2025
- 2025O-Mem: Omni Memory System for Personalized, Long Horizon, Self-Evolving Agents17 Nov 2025
- 2025RGMem: Renormalization Group-inspired Memory Evolution for Language Agents18 Oct 2025
- 2025Mem-α: Learning Memory Construction via Reinforcement Learning30 Sep 2025
- 2025Text2Mem: A Unified Memory Operation Language for Memory Operating System14 Sep 2025
- 2025Agent KB: Leveraging Cross-Domain Experience for Agentic Problem Solvingcited by 94
- 2025O-Mem: Omni Memory System for Personalized, Long Horizon, Self-Evolving Agentscited by 32
- 2025RGMem: Renormalization Group-inspired Memory Evolution for Language Agentscited by 7
- 2025RubikSQL: Lifelong Learning Agentic Knowledge Base as an Industrial NL2SQL Systemcited by 4
- 2025Text2Mem: A Unified Memory Operation Language for Memory Operating Systemcited by 3
- 2025SoDA: An Efficient Interaction Paradigm for the Agentic Webcited by 2
- 2026HEART-Bench: Do LLM Agents Exhibit Human-like Psychology?cited by 1
- 2026AgentWebRec: Compact Evidence Fusion over the Agent Web for Personalized Recommendationcited by 0
- 2026AgentWebRec: Compact Evidence Fusion over the Agent Web for Personalized Recommendation1 Oct 2026
- 2026HEART-Bench: Do LLM Agents Exhibit Human-like Psychology?28 May 2026
- 2025SoDA: An Efficient Interaction Paradigm for the Agentic Web11 Dec 2025
- 2025O-Mem: Omni Memory System for Personalized, Long Horizon, Self-Evolving Agents17 Nov 2025
- 2025RGMem: Renormalization Group-inspired Memory Evolution for Language Agents18 Oct 2025
- 2025Text2Mem: A Unified Memory Operation Language for Memory Operating System14 Sep 2025
- 2025RubikSQL: Lifelong Learning Agentic Knowledge Base as an Industrial NL2SQL System25 Aug 2025
- 2025Agent KB: Leveraging Cross-Domain Experience for Agentic Problem Solving8 Jul 2025
- 2026PersonaVLM: Long-Term Personalized Multimodal LLMscited by 11
- 2026PersonaVLM: Long-Term Personalized Multimodal LLMs20 Mar 2026