mlsanityData to 13 Oct 2026

LLMVoX: Autoregressive Streaming Text-to-Speech Model for Any LLM

arXiv 2503.04724 ↗First posted 6 Mar 2025cs.CLcited by 7

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Abstract (arXiv)

Recent advancements in speech-to-speech dialogue systems leverage LLMs for multimodal interactions, yet they remain hindered by fine-tuning requirements, high computational overhead, and text-speech misalignment. Existing speech-enabled LLMs often degrade conversational quality by modifying the LLM, thereby compromising its linguistic capabilities. In contrast, we propose LLMVoX, a lightweight 30M-parameter, LLM-agnostic, autoregressive streaming TTS system that generates high-quality speech with low latency, while fully preserving the capabilities of the base LLM. Our approach achieves a significantly lower Word Error Rate compared to speech-enabled LLMs, while operating at comparable latency and UTMOS score. By decoupling speech synthesis from LLM processing via a multi-queue token streaming system, LLMVoX supports seamless, infinite-length dialogues. Its plug-and-play design also facilitates extension to various tasks with different backbones. Furthermore, LLMVoX generalizes to new languages with only dataset adaptation, attaining a low Character Error Rate on an Arabic speech task. Additionally, we have integrated LLMVoX with a Vision-Language Model to create an omni-model with speech, text, and vision capabilities, without requiring additional multimodal training. Our code base and project page is available at https://mbzuai-oryx.github.io/LLMVoX .

Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Builds on 35 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Mar 2025.

Builds on

35 of 51 references.

References · 35

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,106
  2. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,486
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  4. 2022Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervisioncited by 4,004
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  9. 2024MiniCPM-V: A GPT-4V Level MLLM on Your Phonecited by 1,070
  10. 2023Neural Codec Language Models are Zero-Shot Text to Speech Synthesizerscited by 745
  11. 2020FastSpeech 2: Fast and High-Quality End-to-End Text to Speechcited by 715
  12. 2024Moshi: a speech-text foundation model for real-time dialoguecited by 550
23 more
  1. 2023SpeechGPT: Empowering Large Language Models with Intrinsic Cross-Modal Conversational Abilitiescited by 523
  2. 2021ByT5: Towards a token-free future with pre-trained byte-to-byte modelscited by 507
  3. 2017Tacotron: Towards End-to-End Speech Synthesiscited by 489
  4. 2023AudioPaLM: A Large Language Model That Can Speak and Listencited by 335
  5. 2024CosyVoice: A Scalable Multilingual Zero-shot Text-to-speech Synthesizer based on Supervised Semantic Tokenscited by 328
  6. 2024GLM-4-Voice: Towards Intelligent and Human-Like End-to-End Spoken Chatbotcited by 220
  7. 2024AnyGPT: Unified Multimodal LLM with Discrete Sequence Modelingcited by 216
  8. 2024Mini-Omni: Language Models Can Hear, Talk While Thinking in Streamingcited by 207
  9. 2024VoiceBench: Benchmarking LLM-Based Voice Assistantscited by 192
  10. 2023Seamless: Multilingual Expressive and Streaming Speech Translationcited by 190
  11. 2024XTTS: a Massively Multilingual Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech Modelcited by 175
  12. 2024VITA: Towards Open-Source Interactive Omni Multimodal LLMcited by 172
  13. 2020FastPitch: Parallel Text-to-speech with Pitch Predictioncited by 151
  14. 2024Freeze-Omni: A Smart and Low Latency Speech-to-speech Dialogue Model with Frozen LLMcited by 137
  15. 2024WavTokenizer: an Efficient Acoustic Discrete Codec Tokenizer for Audio Language Modelingcited by 126
  16. 2023LauraGPT: Listen, Attend, Understand, and Regenerate Audio with GPTcited by 77
  17. 2024Natural language guidance of high-fidelity text-to-speech with synthetic annotationscited by 67
  18. 2022ByT5 model for massively multilingual grapheme-to-phoneme conversioncited by 49
  19. 2024EMOVA: Empowering Language Models to See, Hear and Speak with Vivid Emotionscited by 44
  20. 2021Parallel Tacotron 2: A Non-Autoregressive Neural TTS Model with Differentiable Duration Modelingcited by 31
  21. 2023XPhoneBERT: A Pre-trained Multilingual Model for Phoneme Representations for Text-to-Speechcited by 16
  22. 2023ArTST: Arabic Text and Speech Transformercited by 14
  23. 2024Ichigo: Mixed-Modal Early-Fusion Realtime Voice Assistantcited by 6

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Cited by year (2026 to 13 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 4; 2026: 3.

7 papers.

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  1. 2024CosyVoice 2: Scalable Streaming Speech Synthesis with Large Language Models
  2. 2026GEPARD - Generative, Prosody-aware, Autoregressive text-to-speech model for Realtime Dialogue
  3. 2023Speak While You Think: Streaming Speech Synthesis During Text Generation
  4. 2026FlashTTS: Fast Streaming TTS with MTP Acceleration and X-pred Mean Flow Distillation
  5. 2026LLM-to-Speech: A Synthetic Data Pipeline for Training Dialectal Text-to-Speech Models
  6. 2024Get Large Language Models Ready to Speak: A Late-fusion Approach for Speech Generation
  7. 2025TESU-LLM: Training Speech-LLMs Without Speech via Unified Encoder Alignment
  8. 2026VoiceChat-TTS: A Low-Latency Continuous Speech Synthesis Model for Interactive Agents