mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Dynamic Benchmarking of Reasoning Capabilities in Code Large Language Models Under Data Contamination

arXiv 2503.04149 ↗First posted 6 Mar 2025cs.SE cs.AI cs.CLcited by 22

On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning for agents, planning and code

Abstract (arXiv)

The rapid evolution of code largelanguage models underscores the need for effective and transparent benchmarking of their reasoning capabilities. However, the current benchmarking approach heavily depends on publicly available, human-created datasets. The widespread use of these fixed benchmark datasets makes the benchmarking process to be static and thus particularly susceptible to data contamination, an unavoidable consequence of the extensive data collection processes used to train Code LLMs. Existing approaches that address data contamination often suffer from human effort limitations and imbalanced problem complexity. To tackle these challenges, we propose tool, a novel benchmarking suite for evaluating Code LLMs under potential data contamination. Given a seed programming problem, tool employs multiple agents to extract and modify the context without altering the core logic, generating semantically equivalent variations. We introduce a dynamic data generation methods and conduct empirical studies on two seed datasets across 21 Code LLMs. Results show that tool effectively benchmarks reasoning capabilities under contamination risks while generating diverse problem sets to ensure consistent and reliable evaluations.

Key facts. Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning for agents, planning and code, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 18 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Mar 2025.

Builds on

18 of 34 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024LiveCodeBench: Holistic and Contamination Free Evaluation of Large Language Models for Code12 Mar

Other references · 17

  1. 2021Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Codecited by 8,053
  2. 2021Program Synthesis with Large Language Modelscited by 3,509
  3. 2017Outrageously Large Neural Networks: The Sparsely-Gated Mixture-of-Experts Layercited by 3,413
  4. 2024DeepSeek-Coder: When the Large Language Model Meets Programming -- The Rise of Code Intelligencecited by 1,154
  5. 2023Can Large Language Models Be an Alternative to Human Evaluations?cited by 729
  6. 2023PandaLM: An Automatic Evaluation Benchmark for LLM Instruction Tuning Optimizationcited by 311
  7. 2024LiveBench: A Challenging, Contamination-Limited LLM Benchmarkcited by 242
  8. 2023Benchmarking Foundation Models with Language-Model-as-an-Examinercited by 172
  9. 2024Generalization or Memorization: Data Contamination and Trustworthy Evaluation for Large Language Modelscited by 119
  10. 2023DyVal: Dynamic Evaluation of Large Language Models for Reasoning Taskscited by 100
  11. 2023The Devil is in the Errors: Leveraging Large Language Models for Fine-grained Machine Translation Evaluationcited by 95
  12. 2024HumanEval-XL: A Multilingual Code Generation Benchmark for Cross-lingual Natural Language Generalizationcited by 84
5 more
  1. 2024Augmenting Math Word Problems via Iterative Question Composingcited by 58
  2. 2024Dynamic Evaluation of Large Language Models by Meta Probing Agentscited by 54
  3. 2025Recent Advances in Large Langauge Model Benchmarks against Data Contamination: From Static to Dynamic Evaluationcited by 38
  4. 2024TRUCE: Private Benchmarking to Prevent Contamination and Improve Comparative Evaluation of LLMscited by 24
  5. 2024TreeEval: Benchmark-Free Evaluation of Large Language Models through Tree Planningcited by 14

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 10; 2026: 12.

22 papers.

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  1. 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Benchmarks and Solutions in Software Engineering of LLM-Empowered Agentic Systemcited by 15
  2. 2025Afterburner: Reinforcement Learning Facilitates Self-Improving Code Efficiency Optimizationcited by 14
  3. 2025Saving SWE-Bench: A Benchmark Mutation Approach for Realistic Agent Evaluationcited by 14
  4. 2026Do Androids Dream of Breaking the Game? Systematically Auditing AI Agent Benchmarks with BenchJackcited by 13
  5. 2025CodeSense: a Real-World Benchmark and Dataset for Code Semantic Reasoningcited by 12
  6. 2025TreeDiff: AST-Guided Code Generation with Diffusion LLMscited by 11
  7. 2025REFINE: Enhancing Program Repair Agents through Context-Aware Patch Refinementcited by 6
  8. 2026A Survey on Evaluating Quality and Trustworthiness in LLM-Generated Datacited by 5
  9. 2026Reward Modeling for Reinforcement Learning-Based LLM Reasoning: Design, Challenges, and Evaluationcited by 5
  10. 2026ClarEval: A Benchmark for Evaluating Clarification Skills of Code Agents under Ambiguous Instructionscited by 5
  11. 2025Assessing the Impact of Code Changes on the Fault Localizability of Large Language Modelscited by 4
  12. 2025AppForge: From Assistant to Independent Developer -- Are GPTs Ready for Software Development?cited by 4
10 more
  1. 2025Benchmarking AI Models in Software Engineering: A Review, Search Tool, and Unified Approach for Elevating Benchmark Qualitycited by 3
  2. 2026CTFusion: A CTF-based Benchmark for LLM Agent Evaluationcited by 3
  3. 2025LLMEval-Fair: A Large-Scale Longitudinal Study on Robust and Fair Evaluation of Large Language Modelscited by 2
  4. 2026Obscuring Data Contamination Through Translation: Evidence from Arabic Corporacited by 1
  5. 2026From 0-Order Selection to 2-Order Judgment: Combinatorial Hardening Exposes Compositional Failures in Frontier LLMscited by 1
  6. 2026RustMizan: A Compilable, Contamination-Aware Benchmarking Framework for Rust Vulnerabilitiescited by 1
  7. 2026AlgoBench: Benchmarking Algorithmic Adaptation in Code Generationcited by 0
  8. 2026Success Is Not Self-Explanatory: Auditing Success Provenance in Agent Evaluationcited by 0
  9. 2026Frontier AI Forecasting Has a Measurement Problem: An Audit of Progress Evidencecited by 0
  10. 2026Noisy Test-Time Reinforcement Learning for Code LLMscited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Narrowing the Complexity Gap in the Evaluation of Large Language Models ↗
  2. 2026Beyond Output Correctness: Benchmarking and Evaluating Large Language Model Reasoning in Coding Tasks
  3. 2025CoRe: Benchmarking LLMs Code Reasoning Capabilities through Static Analysis Tasks
  4. 2026CoRE: A Fine-Grained Code Reasoning Benchmark Beyond Output Prediction
  5. 2025Breakpoint: Scalable evaluation of system-level reasoning in LLM code agents
  6. 2025Evaluating the Generalization Capabilities of Large Language Models on Code Reasoning
  7. 2025rStar-Coder: Scaling Competitive Code Reasoning with a Large-Scale Verified Dataset
  8. 2026An Execution-Verified Multi-Language Benchmark for Code Semantic Reasoning