mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

PEToolLLM: Towards Personalized Tool Learning in Large Language Models

arXiv 2502.18980 ↗First posted 26 Feb 2025cs.CL cs.AIcited by 3

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Tool learning and function calling

Abstract (arXiv)

Tool learning has emerged as a promising direction by extending Large Language Models' (LLMs) capabilities with external tools. Existing tool learning studies primarily focus on the general-purpose tool-use capability, which addresses explicit user requirements in instructions. However, they overlook the importance of personalized tool-use capability, leading to an inability to handle implicit user preferences. To address the limitation, we first formulate the task of personalized tool learning, which integrates user's interaction history towards personalized tool usage. To fill the gap of missing benchmarks, we construct PEToolBench, featuring diverse user preferences reflected in interaction history under three distinct personalized settings, and encompassing a wide range of tool-use scenarios. Moreover, we propose a framework PEToolLLaMA to adapt LLMs to the personalized tool learning task, which is trained through supervised fine-tuning and direct preference optimization. Extensive experiments on PEToolBench demonstrate the superiority of PEToolLLaMA over existing LLMs.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Tool learning and function calling, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 28 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Feb 2025.

Builds on

28 of 46 references.

Closest ancestors · 11

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024From Exploration to Mastery: Enabling LLMs to Master Tools via Self-Driven Interactions10 Oct
  2. 2024ToolPlanner: A Tool Augmented LLM for Multi Granularity Instructions with Path Planning and Feedback23 Sep
  3. 2024Tool-Planner: Task Planning with Clusters across Multiple Tools6 Jun
  4. 2024Learning to Use Tools via Cooperative and Interactive Agents5 Mar
  5. 2024RoTBench: A Multi-Level Benchmark for Evaluating the Robustness of Large Language Models in Tool Learning16 Jan
  6. 2024EASYTOOL: Enhancing LLM-based Agents with Concise Tool Instruction11 Jan
  7. 2023MetaTool Benchmark for Large Language Models: Deciding Whether to Use Tools and Which to Use4 Oct
  8. 2023ToolLLM: Facilitating Large Language Models to Master 16000+ Real-world APIs31 Jul
  9. 2023ToolAlpaca: Generalized Tool Learning for Language Models with 3000 Simulated Cases8 Jun
  10. 2023Gorilla: Large Language Model Connected with Massive APIs24 May
  11. 2023Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Tools9 Feb

Other references · 17

  1. 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
  2. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
  3. 2023Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Modelcited by 7,916
  4. 2023Lost in the Middle: How Language Models Use Long Contextscited by 3,383
  5. 2024LlamaFactory: Unified Efficient Fine-Tuning of 100+ Language Modelscited by 1,442
  6. 2024Two Tales of Persona in LLMs: A Survey of Role-Playing and Personalizationcited by 203
  7. 2023TaskBench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Task Automationcited by 138
  8. 2024GTA: A Benchmark for General Tool Agentscited by 77
  9. 2024ToolGen: Unified Tool Retrieval and Calling via Generationcited by 72
  10. 2024Large Language Models Empowered Personalized Web Agentscited by 64
  11. 2024Advancing Tool-Augmented Large Language Models: Integrating Insights from Errors in Inference Treescited by 38
  12. 2024ShortcutsBench: A Large-Scale Real-world Benchmark for API-based Agentscited by 36
5 more
  1. 2023Personalized Large Language Model Assistant with Evolving Conditional Memorycited by 24
  2. 2024AppBench: Planning of Multiple APIs from Various APPs for Complex User Instructioncited by 24
  3. 2023Target-oriented Proactive Dialogue Systems with Personalization: Problem Formulation and Dataset Curationcited by 23
  4. 2024Cognitive Personalized Search Integrating Large Language Models with an Efficient Memory Mechanismcited by 22
  5. 2024MTU-Bench: A Multi-granularity Tool-Use Benchmark for Large Language Modelscited by 17

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.

3 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025ToolSpectrum : Towards Personalized Tool Utilization for Large Language Models
  2. 2025TAPS: Tool-Augmented Personalisation via Structured Tagging
  3. 2025Evaluating Personalized Tool-Augmented LLMs from the Perspectives of Personalization and Proactivity
  4. 2025ToLeaP: Rethinking Development of Tool Learning with Large Language Models
  5. 2025FamilyTool: A Multi-hop Personalized Tool Use Benchmark
  6. 2024Learning Evolving Tools for Large Language Models
  7. 2024LLM With Tools: A Survey
  8. 2026Tool Retrieval Bridge: Aligning Vague Instructions with Retriever Preferences via Bridge Model