mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

A Preliminary Exploration with GPT-4o Voice Mode

arXiv 2502.09940 ↗First posted 14 Feb 2025cs.CL cs.SD eess.AScited by 16

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Video understanding with MLLMs

Abstract (arXiv)

With the rise of multimodal large language models, GPT-4o stands out as a pioneering model, driving us to evaluate its capabilities. This report assesses GPT-4o across various tasks to analyze its audio processing and reasoning abilities. We find that GPT-4o exhibits strong knowledge in audio, speech, and music understanding, performing well in tasks like intent classification, spoken command classification, semantic and grammatical reasoning., multilingual speech recognition, and singing analysis. It also shows greater robustness against hallucinations than other large audio-language models (LALMs). However, it struggles with tasks such as audio duration prediction and instrument classification. Additionally, GPT-4o's safety mechanisms cause it to decline tasks like speaker identification, age classification, MOS prediction, and audio deepfake detection. Notably, the model exhibits a significantly different refusal rate when responding to speaker verification tasks on different datasets. This is likely due to variations in the accompanying instructions or the quality of the input audio, suggesting the sensitivity of its built-in safeguards. Finally, we acknowledge that model performance varies with evaluation protocols. This report only serves as a preliminary exploration of the current state of LALMs.

Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Video understanding with MLLMs, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. First posted on arXiv 14 Feb 2025.

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 9; 2026: 7.

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  1. 2025SAKURA: On the Multi-hop Reasoning of Large Audio-Language Models Based on Speech and Audio Informationcited by 42
  2. 2025Towards Holistic Evaluation of Large Audio-Language Models: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 39
  3. 2025AudioLens: A Closer Look at Auditory Attribute Perception of Large Audio-Language Modelscited by 18
  4. 2026All That Glitters Is Not Audio: Rethinking Text Priors and Audio Reliance in Audio-Language Evaluationcited by 8
  5. 2025SAKE: Towards Editing Auditory Attribute Knowledge of Large Audio-Language Modelscited by 5
  6. 2026Hierarchical Acoustic-Semantic Modeling: Modality Separation and Semantic Coherence for Full-Duplex SLMscited by 5
  7. 2025When Silence Matters: The Impact of Irrelevant Audio on Text Reasoning in Large Audio-Language Modelscited by 4
  8. 2025Investigating Safety Vulnerabilities of Large Audio-Language Models Under Speaker Emotional Variationscited by 4
  9. 2026ASPIRin: Action Space Projection for Interactivity-Optimized Reinforcement Learning in Full-Duplex Speech Language Modelscited by 3
  10. 2026MUGEN: Evaluating and Improving Multi-audio Understanding of Large Audio-Language Modelscited by 2
  11. 2026Nudging Hidden States: Training-Free Model Steering for Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Large Audio-Language Modelscited by 2
  12. 2026Identifying and typifying demographic unfairness in phoneme-level embeddings of self-supervised speech recognition modelscited by 2
4 more
  1. 2025Towards Generalized Source Tracing for Codec-Based Deepfake Speechcited by 0
  2. 2025Generative Multi-modal Feedback for Singing Voice Synthesis Evaluationcited by 0
  3. 2025Style Amnesia: Investigating Speaking Style Degradation and Mitigation in Multi-Turn Spoken Language Modelscited by 0
  4. 2026Encoder-Side Neuron Identification and Amplification for Acoustic Perception in Large Audio-Language Modelscited by 0

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  1. 2024Putting GPT-4o to the Sword: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Language, Vision, Speech, and Multimodal Proficiency
  2. 2024Mini-Omni2: Towards Open-source GPT-4o with Vision, Speech and Duplex Capabilities
  3. 2023AudioGPT: Understanding and Generating Speech, Music, Sound, and Talking Head
  4. 2026A Survey of Large Audio Language Models: Generalization, Trustworthiness, and Outlook
  5. 2025Towards Reliable Large Audio Language Model
  6. 2026Do Audio LLMs Listen or Read? Analyzing and Mitigating Paralinguistic Failures with VoxParadox
  7. 2025Multifaceted Evaluation of Audio-Visual Capability for MLLMs: Effectiveness, Efficiency, Generalizability and Robustness
  8. 2026A Benchmark for Audio Reasoning Capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models