mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

LUCY: Linguistic Understanding and Control Yielding Early Stage of Her

arXiv 2501.16327 ↗First posted 27 Jan 2025cs.CL cs.SD eess.AScited by 17

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Abstract (arXiv)

The film Her features Samantha, a sophisticated AI audio agent who is capable of understanding both linguistic and paralinguistic information in human speech and delivering real-time responses that are natural, informative and sensitive to emotional subtleties. Moving one step toward more sophisticated audio agent from recent advancement in end-to-end (E2E) speech systems, we propose LUCY, a E2E speech model that (1) senses and responds to user's emotion, (2) deliver responses in a succinct and natural style, and (3) use external tool to answer real-time inquiries. Experiment results show that LUCY is better at emotion control than peer models, generating emotional responses based on linguistic emotional instructions and responding to paralinguistic emotional cues. Lucy is also able to generate responses in a more natural style, as judged by external language models, without sacrificing much performance on general question answering. Finally, LUCY can leverage function calls to answer questions that are out of its knowledge scope.

Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 27 Jan 2025.

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Citing papers per year: 2025: 11; 2026: 6.

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  1. 2025Step-Audio 2 Technical Reportcited by 105
  2. 2025Step-Audio: Unified Understanding and Generation in Intelligent Speech Interactioncited by 83
  3. 2025EmoVoice: LLM-based Emotional Text-To-Speech Model with Freestyle Text Promptingcited by 34
  4. 2025VITA-Audio: Fast Interleaved Cross-Modal Token Generation for Efficient Large Speech-Language Modelcited by 31
  5. 2025A Survey of Token Compression for Efficient Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 25
  6. 2025TaDiCodec: Text-aware Diffusion Speech Tokenizer for Speech Language Modelingcited by 13
  7. 2025Easy Turn: Integrating Acoustic and Linguistic Modalities for Robust Turn-Taking in Full-Duplex Spoken Dialogue Systemscited by 13
  8. 2026Omni-Diffusion: Unified Multimodal Understanding and Generation with Masked Discrete Diffusioncited by 13
  9. 2026MoshiRAG: Asynchronous Knowledge Retrieval for Full-Duplex Speech Language Modelscited by 12
  10. 2025DrVoice: Parallel Speech-Text Voice Conversation Model via Dual-Resolution Speech Representationscited by 6
  11. 2026Hierarchical Acoustic-Semantic Modeling: Modality Separation and Semantic Coherence for Full-Duplex SLMscited by 5
  12. 2025Think, Verbalize, then Speak: Bridging Complex Thoughts and Comprehensible Speechcited by 2
5 more
  1. 2025Thinking While Speaking: Inference-Time Knowledge Transfer for Responsive and Intelligent Conversational Voice Agentscited by 2
  2. 2025DeepOmni: Towards Seamless and Smart Speech Interaction with Adaptive Modality-Specific MoEcited by 1
  3. 2026VITA-QinYu: Expressive Spoken Language Model for Role-Playing and Singingcited by 1
  4. 2026Bridging What the Model Thinks and How It Speaks: Expressive Speech Generation via Self-Aware Intent-Realization Alignmentcited by 0
  5. 2026Spoken Language Models that Think Aloudcited by 0