mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

MCP-Solver: Integrating Language Models with Constraint Programming Systems

arXiv 2501.00539 ↗First posted 31 Dec 2024cs.AI cs.CL cs.LGcited by 9

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Tool learning and function calling

Abstract (arXiv)

The MCP Solver bridges Large Language Models (LLMs) with symbolic solvers through the Model Context Protocol (MCP), an open-source standard for AI system integration. Providing LLMs access to formal solving and reasoning capabilities addresses their key deficiency while leveraging their strengths. Our implementation offers interfaces for constraint programming (Minizinc), propositional satisfiability (PySAT), and SAT modulo Theories (Python Z3). The system employs an editing approach with iterated validation to ensure model consistency during modifications and enable structured refinement.

Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Tool learning and function calling, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 14 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 Dec 2024.

Builds on

14 of 28 references.

References · 14

  1. 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
  2. 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
  3. 2024GSM-Symbolic: Understanding the Limitations of Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 533
  4. 2023Logic-LM: Empowering Large Language Models with Symbolic Solvers for Faithful Logical Reasoningcited by 379
  5. 2024LLMs Can't Plan, But Can Help Planning in LLM-Modulo Frameworkscited by 178
  6. 2023Deductive Verification of Chain-of-Thought Reasoningcited by 122
  7. 2023SatLM: Satisfiability-Aided Language Models Using Declarative Promptingcited by 100
  8. 2022Do Language Models Plagiarize?cited by 72
  9. 2023Lemur: Integrating Large Language Models in Automated Program Verificationcited by 49
  10. 2024LogicAsker: Evaluating and Improving the Logical Reasoning Ability of Large Language Modelscited by 23
  11. 2024Trust the PRoC3S: Solving Long-Horizon Robotics Problems with LLMs and Constraint Satisfactioncited by 19
  12. 2024Combining Constraint Programming Reasoning with Large Language Model Predictionscited by 8
2 more
  1. 2024Generating Streamlining Constraints with Large Language Modelscited by 7
  2. 2023Calculating Originality of LLM Assisted Source Codecited by 2

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 4; 2026: 5.

9 papers.

  1. 2025Optimizing Prompt Sequences using Monte Carlo Tree Search for LLM-Based Optimizationcited by 9
  2. 2025Reliable Proof Generation with LLMs via Analogical Retrieval and Symbolic Verification: A Case Study in Euclidean Geometrycited by 7
  3. 2025Distributed Multi-Agent Coordination Using Multi-Modal Foundation Modelscited by 3
  4. 2026LLMs versus the Halting Problem: Characterizing Program Termination Reasoningcited by 2
  5. 2025CP-Model-Zoo: A Natural Language Query System for Constraint Programming Modelscited by 0
  6. 2026Reliable Reasoning with Large Language Models via Preference-Based Maximum Satisfiabilitycited by 0
  7. 2026Large Language Models as Optimizers: A Survey of Direct vs. Tool-Augmented Approaches and Their Performance Frontierscited by 0
  8. 2026SPL: Orchestrating Workflows with Declarative Deterministic-Probabilistic Compositioncited by 0
  9. 2026Automating Attack Graph Construction for Agentic Pentesting. Towards Neuro-Symbolic Vulnerability Huntingcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025A Reality Check of Language Models as Formalizers on Constraint Satisfaction Problems
  2. 2025MCP-Bench: Benchmarking Tool-Using LLM Agents with Complex Real-World Tasks via MCP Servers
  3. 2025Help or Hurdle? Rethinking Model Context Protocol-Augmented Large Language Models
  4. 2025MCP-Universe: Benchmarking Large Language Models with Real-World Model Context Protocol Servers
  5. 2026PrologMCP: A Standardized Prolog Tool Interface for LLM Agents
  6. 2026Improving Constraint Models with LLM Agents
  7. 2025MCP-Flow: Facilitating LLM Agents to Master Real-World, Diverse and Scaling MCP Tools
  8. 2025Gala: Global LLM Agents for Text-to-Model Translation