mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Error-driven Data-efficient Large Multimodal Model Tuning

arXiv 2412.15652 ↗First posted 20 Dec 2024cs.CLcited by 2

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → MLLM training and visual instruction tuning

Abstract (arXiv)

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across numerous academic benchmarks. However, fine-tuning still remains essential to achieve satisfactory performance on downstream tasks, while the task-specific tuning samples are usually not readily available or expensive and time-consuming to obtain. To address this, we propose an error-driven data-efficient tuning framework that aims to efficiently adapt generic LMMs to newly emerging tasks without requiring any task-specific training samples. In our approach, a generic LMM, acting as a student model, is first evaluated on a small validation set of the target task, and then a more powerful model, acting as a teacher model, identifies the erroneous steps within the student model's reasoning steps and analyzes its capability gaps from fully addressing the target task. Based on these gaps, targeted training samples are further retrieved from existing task-agnostic datasets to tune the student model and tailor it to the target task. We perform extensive experiments across three different training data scales and seven tasks, demonstrating that our training paradigm significantly and efficiently improves LMM's performance on downstream tasks, achieving an average performance boost of 7.01%.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in MLLM training and visual instruction tuning, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 52 of its 83 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Dec 2024.

Builds on

52 of 83 references.

Closest ancestors · 8

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolution18 Sep
  2. 2024LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfer6 Aug
  3. 2024Multimodal Instruction Tuning with Conditional Mixture of LoRA24 Feb
  4. 2024Your Vision-Language Model Itself Is a Strong Filter: Towards High-Quality Instruction Tuning with Data Selection19 Feb
  5. 2024Vision-Flan: Scaling Human-Labeled Tasks in Visual Instruction Tuning18 Feb
  6. 2023MMICL: Empowering Vision-language Model with Multi-Modal In-Context Learning14 Sep
  7. 2023MM-Vet: Evaluating Large Multimodal Models for Integrated Capabilities4 Aug
  8. 2023MMBench: Is Your Multi-modal Model an All-around Player?12 Jul

Other references · 44

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
  2. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
  3. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
  4. 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,049
  5. 2023Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyondcited by 2,179
  6. 2023MMMU: A Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark for Expert AGIcited by 2,044
  7. 2022Learn to Explain: Multimodal Reasoning via Thought Chains for Science Question Answeringcited by 1,881
  8. 2020Don't Stop Pretraining: Adapt Language Models to Domains and Taskscited by 1,548
  9. 2023LIMA: Less Is More for Alignmentcited by 1,080
  10. 2020Domain-Specific Language Model Pretraining for Biomedical Natural Language Processingcited by 996
  11. 2018An Empirical Study of Example Forgetting during Deep Neural Network Learningcited by 669
  12. 2022BioGPT: Generative Pre-trained Transformer for Biomedical Text Generation and Miningcited by 531
32 more
  1. 2024LESS: Selecting Influential Data for Targeted Instruction Tuningcited by 514
  2. 2019Surprises in High-Dimensional Ridgeless Least Squares Interpolationcited by 508
  3. 2023How Far Can Camels Go? Exploring the State of Instruction Tuning on Open Resourcescited by 405
  4. 2023The Curse of Recursion: Training on Generated Data Makes Models Forgetcited by 343
  5. 2023Data Selection for Language Models via Importance Resamplingcited by 322
  6. 2015Visual7W: Grounded Question Answering in Imagescited by 315
  7. 2023From Quantity to Quality: Boosting LLM Performance with Self-Guided Data Selection for Instruction Tuningcited by 301
  8. 2019On The Power of Curriculum Learning in Training Deep Networkscited by 285
  9. 2021GRAD-MATCH: Gradient Matching based Data Subset Selection for Efficient Deep Model Trainingcited by 269
  10. 2017Teacher-Student Curriculum Learningcited by 197
  11. 2024Superfiltering: Weak-to-Strong Data Filtering for Fast Instruction-Tuningcited by 134
  12. 2024A Tale of Tails: Model Collapse as a Change of Scaling Lawscited by 127
  13. 2019Harmless interpolation of noisy data in regressioncited by 121
  14. 2023Skill-it! A Data-Driven Skills Framework for Understanding and Training Language Modelscited by 120
  15. 2022MultiInstruct: Improving Multi-Modal Zero-Shot Learning via Instruction Tuningcited by 109
  16. 2024Synthetic Data (Almost) from Scratch: Generalized Instruction Tuning for Language Modelscited by 99
  17. 2023Learning From Mistakes Makes LLM Better Reasonercited by 97
  18. 2024LLM2LLM: Boosting LLMs with Novel Iterative Data Enhancementcited by 69
  19. 2024Many-Shot In-Context Learning in Multimodal Foundation Modelscited by 64
  20. 2016Coresets and Sketchescited by 63
  21. 2023Active Instruction Tuning: Improving Cross-Task Generalization by Training on Prompt Sensitive Taskscited by 53
  22. 2024SELF-GUIDE: Better Task-Specific Instruction Following via Self-Synthetic Finetuningcited by 32
  23. 2023Failures Pave the Way: Enhancing Large Language Models through Tuning-free Rule Accumulationcited by 30
  24. 2023Let GPT be a Math Tutor: Teaching Math Word Problem Solvers with Customized Exercise Generationcited by 27
  25. 2024Learning to Generate Instruction Tuning Datasets for Zero-Shot Task Adaptationcited by 27
  26. 2022The good, the bad and the ugly sides of data augmentation: An implicit spectral regularization perspectivecited by 24
  27. 2021MuMuQA: Multimedia Multi-Hop News Question Answering via Cross-Media Knowledge Extraction and Groundingcited by 19
  28. 2023AMELI: Enhancing Multimodal Entity Linking with Fine-Grained Attributescited by 8
  29. 2023Personalised Distillation: Empowering Open-Sourced LLMs with Adaptive Learning for Code Generationcited by 7
  30. 2024Targeted Augmentation for Low-Resource Event Extractioncited by 4
  31. 2022Improve Event Extraction via Self-Training with Gradient Guidancecited by 3
  32. 2024A data-centric approach to class-specific bias in image data augmentationcited by 2

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 1.

2 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2023An Empirical Study of Scaling Instruct-Tuned Large Multimodal Models
  2. 2025Re-Imagining Multimodal Instruction Tuning: A Representation View
  3. 2025How to Teach Large Multimodal Models New Skills
  4. 2023Beyond Task Performance: Evaluating and Reducing the Flaws of Large Multimodal Models with In-Context Learning
  5. 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuning
  6. 2026Efficient Data Selection for Multimodal Models via Incremental Optimization Utility
  7. 2024Enhancing Model Performance: Another Approach to Vision-Language Instruction Tuning
  8. 2025Keeping Yourself is Important in Downstream Tuning Multimodal Large Language Model