Building a Family of Data Augmentation Models for Low-cost LLM Fine-tuning on the Cloud
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Abstract (arXiv)
Specializing LLMs in various domain-specific tasks has emerged as a critical step towards achieving high performance. However, the construction and annotation of datasets in specific domains are always very costly. Apart from using superior and expensive closed-source LLM APIs to construct datasets, some open-source models have become strong enough to handle dataset construction in many scenarios. Thus, we present a family of data augmentation models designed to significantly improve the efficiency for model fine-tuning. These models, trained based on sufficiently small LLMs, support key functionalities with low inference costs: instruction expansion, instruction refinement, and instruction-response pair expansion. To fulfill this goal, we first construct an automatic data collection system with seed datasets generated from both public repositories and our in-house datasets. This system leverages powerful LLMs to expand, refine and re-write the instructions and responses, incorporating quality assessment techniques. Following this, we introduce the training process of our models, which effectively distills task-solving and text synthesis abilities from teacher LLMs. Finally, we demonstrate how we integrate these functionalities into a machine learning platform to support low-cost LLM fine-tuning from both dataset preparation and training perspectives for users. Experiments and an application study prove the effectiveness of our approach.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 25 of its 29 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Dec 2024.
Builds on
25 of 29 references.
References · 25
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13 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 2.
4 papers.
- 2025A Short Survey on Small Reasoning Models: Training, Inference, Applications and Research Directionscited by 4
- 2025EasyDistill: A Comprehensive Toolkit for Effective Knowledge Distillation of Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2026Adaptive Data Augmentation with Multi-armed Bandit: Sample-Efficient Embedding Calibration for Implicit Pattern Recognitioncited by 0
- 2026Not All Prompts Are Equal: Exploration-Guided Prompt Scaffolding for Multimodal Reinforcement Post-Trainingcited by 0
- 2026Not All Prompts Are Equal: Exploration-Guided Prompt Scaffolding for Multimodal Reinforcement Post-Training14 Sep 2026
- 2026Adaptive Data Augmentation with Multi-armed Bandit: Sample-Efficient Embedding Calibration for Implicit Pattern Recognition22 Feb 2026
- 2025EasyDistill: A Comprehensive Toolkit for Effective Knowledge Distillation of Large Language Models27 May 2025
- 2025A Short Survey on Small Reasoning Models: Training, Inference, Applications and Research Directions12 Apr 2025