mlsanityData to 13 Oct 2026

M3Hop-CoT: Misogynous Meme Identification with Multimodal Multi-hop Chain-of-Thought

arXiv 2410.09220 ↗First posted 11 Oct 2024cs.CL cs.CY cs.LGcited by 9

On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation

Abstract (arXiv)

In recent years, there has been a significant rise in the phenomenon of hate against women on social media platforms, particularly through the use of misogynous memes. These memes often target women with subtle and obscure cues, making their detection a challenging task for automated systems. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results in reasoning using Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting to generate the intermediate reasoning chains as the rationale to facilitate multimodal tasks, but often neglect cultural diversity and key aspects like emotion and contextual knowledge hidden in the visual modalities. To address this gap, we introduce a Multimodal Multi-hop CoT (M3Hop-CoT) framework for Misogynous meme identification, combining a CLIP-based classifier and a multimodal CoT module with entity-object-relationship integration. M3Hop-CoT employs a three-step multimodal prompting principle to induce emotions, target awareness, and contextual knowledge for meme analysis. Our empirical evaluation, including both qualitative and quantitative analysis, validates the efficacy of the M3Hop-CoT framework on the SemEval-2022 Task 5 (MAMI task) dataset, highlighting its strong performance in the macro-F1 score. Furthermore, we evaluate the model's generalizability by evaluating it on various benchmark meme datasets, offering a thorough insight into the effectiveness of our approach across different datasets.

Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 23 of its 79 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Oct 2024.

Builds on

23 of 79 references.

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Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models27 Feb

Other references · 22

  1. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,043
  2. 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,278
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  12. 2021Align before Fuse: Vision and Language Representation Learning with Momentum Distillationcited by 1,616
10 more
  1. 2022Least-to-Most Prompting Enables Complex Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 1,404
  2. 2016Bag of Tricks for Efficient Text Classificationcited by 872
  3. 2023Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 746
  4. 2020Language-agnostic BERT Sentence Embeddingcited by 622
  5. 2020The Hateful Memes Challenge: Detecting Hate Speech in Multimodal Memescited by 486
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 5; 2026: 4.

9 papers.

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  1. 2025Demystifying Hateful Content: Leveraging Large Multimodal Models for Hateful Meme Detection with Explainable Decisions
  2. 2024SAFE-MEME: Structured Reasoning Framework for Robust Hate Speech Detection in Memes
  3. 2025From Recognition to Reasoning: Advancing Multimodal Harmful Meme Detection via Chain-of-Thought Alignment
  4. 2025Improving Multimodal Hateful Meme Detection Exploiting LMM-Generated Knowledge
  5. 2026Is AI Ready for Multimodal Hate Speech Detection? A Comprehensive Dataset and Benchmark Evaluation ↗
  6. 2026Retrieval Augmented Enhanced Dual Co-Attention Framework for Target Aware Multimodal Bengali Hateful Meme Detection
  7. 2025Detecting and Mitigating Hateful Content in Multimodal Memes with Vision-Language Models
  8. 2026Beyond Accuracy: A Qualitative Analysis of Vision-Language Models for Hate Speech Detection in Memes