AlignSum: Data Pyramid Hierarchical Fine-tuning for Aligning with Human Summarization Preference
On the map: LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation → Human values and AI feedback alignment
Abstract (arXiv)
Text summarization tasks commonly employ Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) to fit diverse standard datasets. While these PLMs excel in automatic evaluations, they frequently underperform in human evaluations, indicating a deviation between their generated summaries and human summarization preferences. This discrepancy is likely due to the low quality of fine-tuning datasets and the limited availability of high-quality human-annotated data that reflect true human preference. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel human summarization preference alignment framework AlignSum. This framework consists of three parts: Firstly, we construct a Data Pymarid with extractive, abstractive, and human-annotated summary data. Secondly, we conduct the Gaussian Resampling to remove summaries with extreme lengths. Finally, we implement the two-stage hierarchical fine-tuning with Data Pymarid after Gaussian Resampling. We apply AlignSum to PLMs on the human-annotated CNN/DailyMail and BBC XSum datasets. Experiments show that with AlignSum, PLMs like BART-Large surpass 175B GPT-3 in both automatic and human evaluations. This demonstrates that AlignSum significantly enhances the alignment of language models with human summarization preferences.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Human values and AI feedback alignment, one of 10 directions in LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation. Builds on 36 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Oct 2024.
Builds on
36 of 53 references.
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
4 papers.
- 2024Learning to Summarize from LLM-generated Feedbackcited by 24
- 2025MS-BART: Unified Modeling of Mass Spectra and Molecules for Structure Elucidationcited by 9
- 2025Direct Simultaneous Translation Activation for Large Audio-Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026NTS-CoT: Mitigating Hallucinations in LLM-based News Timeline Summarization with Chain-of-Thought Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026NTS-CoT: Mitigating Hallucinations in LLM-based News Timeline Summarization with Chain-of-Thought Reasoning11 Jun 2026
- 2025MS-BART: Unified Modeling of Mass Spectra and Molecules for Structure Elucidation23 Oct 2025
- 2025Direct Simultaneous Translation Activation for Large Audio-Language Models19 Sep 2025
- 2024Learning to Summarize from LLM-generated Feedback17 Oct 2024
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- 2024Uncovering Factor Level Preferences to Improve Human-Model Alignment
- 2022Methodological reflections for AI alignment research using human feedback
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