OpenFactCheck: A Unified Framework for Factuality Evaluation of LLMs
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Abstract (arXiv)
The increased use of large language models (LLMs) across a variety of real-world applications calls for automatic tools to check the factual accuracy of their outputs, as LLMs often hallucinate. This is difficult as it requires assessing the factuality of free-form open-domain responses. While there has been a lot of research on this topic, different papers use different evaluation benchmarks and measures, which makes them hard to compare and hampers future progress. To mitigate these issues, we developed OpenFactCheck, a unified framework, with three modules: (i) RESPONSEEVAL, which allows users to easily customize an automatic fact-checking system and to assess the factuality of all claims in an input document using that system, (ii) LLMEVAL, which assesses the overall factuality of an LLM, and (iii) CHECKEREVAL, a module to evaluate automatic fact-checking systems. OpenFactCheck is open-sourced (https://github.com/mbzuai-nlp/openfactcheck) and publicly released as a Python library (https://pypi.org/project/openfactcheck/) and also as a web service (http://app.openfactcheck.com). A video describing the system is available at https://youtu.be/-i9VKL0HleI.
Key facts. Cited by 28 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 33 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Aug 2024.
Builds on
18 of 33 references.
References · 18
- 2020Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understandingcited by 7,768
- 2018HotpotQA: A Dataset for Diverse, Explainable Multi-hop Question Answeringcited by 3,686
- 2021TruthfulQA: Measuring How Models Mimic Human Falsehoodscited by 2,919
- 2019fairseq: A Fast, Extensible Toolkit for Sequence Modelingcited by 1,486
- 2023FActScore: Fine-grained Atomic Evaluation of Factual Precision in Long Form Text Generationcited by 1,259
- 2023A Multitask, Multilingual, Multimodal Evaluation of ChatGPT on Reasoning, Hallucination, and Interactivitycited by 888
- 2021Did Aristotle Use a Laptop? A Question Answering Benchmark with Implicit Reasoning Strategiescited by 736
- 2021A Survey on Automated Fact-Checkingcited by 376
- 2023Trusting Your Evidence: Hallucinate Less with Context-aware Decodingcited by 319
- 2023How Language Model Hallucinations Can Snowballcited by 310
- 2023FreshLLMs: Refreshing Large Language Models with Search Engine Augmentationcited by 308
- 2023FacTool: Factuality Detection in Generative AI -- A Tool Augmented Framework for Multi-Task and Multi-Domain Scenarioscited by 247
6 more
- 2023Do Large Language Models Know What They Don't Know?cited by 238
- 2023A Categorical Archive of ChatGPT Failurescited by 167
- 2024Long-form factuality in large language modelscited by 146
- 2023Generating Benchmarks for Factuality Evaluation of Language Modelscited by 103
- 2023The Generative AI Paradox: "What It Can Create, It May Not Understand"cited by 97
- 2016Neural Text Generation from Structured Data with Application to the Biography Domaincited by 20
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 7; 2025: 17; 2026: 4.
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- 2024DEFAME: Dynamic Evidence-based FAct-checking with Multimodal Expertscited by 42
- 2024FIRE: Fact-checking with Iterative Retrieval and Verificationcited by 39
- 2024Decomposition Dilemmas: Does Claim Decomposition Boost or Burden Fact-Checking Performance?cited by 34
- 2025The Scales of Justitia: A Comprehensive Survey on Safety Evaluation of LLMscited by 24
- 2024Loki: An Open-Source Tool for Fact Verificationcited by 16
- 2025LLM as a Broken Telephone: Iterative Generation Distorts Informationcited by 12
- 2025Optimizing Decomposition for Optimal Claim Verificationcited by 10
- 2025Evolving Roles of LLMs in Scientific Innovation: Assistant, Collaborator, Scientist, and Evaluatorcited by 9
- 2025FaStfact: Faster, Stronger Long-Form Factuality Evaluations in LLMscited by 7
- 2024LlamaLens: Specialized Multilingual LLM for Analyzing News and Social Media Contentcited by 6
- 2024Chinese SafetyQA: A Safety Short-form Factuality Benchmark for Large Language Modelscited by 6
- 2024LM-PUB-QUIZ: A Comprehensive Framework for Zero-Shot Evaluation of Relational Knowledge in Language Modelscited by 4
16 more
- 2025UrduFactCheck: An Agentic Fact-Checking Framework for Urdu with Evidence Boosting and Benchmarkingcited by 4
- 2025Shakespearean Sparks: The Dance of Hallucination and Creativity in LLMs' Decoding Layerscited by 3
- 2025PASS-FC: Progressive and Adaptive Search Scheme for Fact Checking of Comprehensive Claimscited by 2
- 2025MultiHal: Multilingual Dataset for Knowledge-Graph Grounded Evaluation of LLM Hallucinationscited by 2
- 2025Decide less, communicate more: On the construct validity of end-to-end fact-checking in medicinecited by 2
- 2025Improving Factuality in LLMs via Inference-Time Knowledge Graph Constructioncited by 2
- 2025Explicit and Implicit Data Augmentation for Social Event Detectioncited by 1
- 2025ShortCheck: Checkworthiness Detection of Multilingual Short-Form Videoscited by 1
- 2025AssertBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Self-Assertion in Large Language Modelscited by 0
- 2025FECT: Factuality Evaluation of Interpretive AI-Generated Claims in Contact Center Conversation Transcriptscited by 0
- 2025PledgeTracker: A System for Monitoring the Fulfilment of Pledgescited by 0
- 2025ClaimCheck: Real-Time Fact-Checking with Small Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026Human-Anchored Factuality Evaluation with Strategic Annotationcited by 0
- 2026MedSNIP: Building and Benchmarking Snippet-Level Granularity for Medical Fact Verificationcited by 0
- 2026SoK: Formal Methods for Fact-Checking and Information Integritycited by 0
- 2026VEX-Bench: Benchmarking Verification Complexity of LLM-Generated Misinformationcited by 0
- 2026VEX-Bench: Benchmarking Verification Complexity of LLM-Generated Misinformation28 Sep 2026
- 2026SoK: Formal Methods for Fact-Checking and Information Integrity19 Sep 2026
- 2026MedSNIP: Building and Benchmarking Snippet-Level Granularity for Medical Fact Verification11 Sep 2026
- 2026Human-Anchored Factuality Evaluation with Strategic Annotation31 Aug 2026
- 2025FaStfact: Faster, Stronger Long-Form Factuality Evaluations in LLMs13 Oct 2025
- 2025ShortCheck: Checkworthiness Detection of Multilingual Short-Form Videos24 Sep 2025
- 2025ClaimCheck: Real-Time Fact-Checking with Small Language Models22 Sep 2025
- 2025PledgeTracker: A System for Monitoring the Fulfilment of Pledges15 Sep 2025
- 2025Explicit and Implicit Data Augmentation for Social Event Detection4 Sep 2025
- 2025Improving Factuality in LLMs via Inference-Time Knowledge Graph Construction31 Aug 2025
- 2025FECT: Factuality Evaluation of Interpretive AI-Generated Claims in Contact Center Conversation Transcripts26 Jul 2025
- 2025Evolving Roles of LLMs in Scientific Innovation: Assistant, Collaborator, Scientist, and Evaluator16 Jul 2025
16 more
- 2025Decide less, communicate more: On the construct validity of end-to-end fact-checking in medicine25 Jun 2025
- 2025AssertBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Self-Assertion in Large Language Models8 Jun 2025
- 2025The Scales of Justitia: A Comprehensive Survey on Safety Evaluation of LLMs6 Jun 2025
- 2025UrduFactCheck: An Agentic Fact-Checking Framework for Urdu with Evidence Boosting and Benchmarking21 May 2025
- 2025MultiHal: Multilingual Dataset for Knowledge-Graph Grounded Evaluation of LLM Hallucinations20 May 2025
- 2025PASS-FC: Progressive and Adaptive Search Scheme for Fact Checking of Comprehensive Claims14 Apr 2025
- 2025Optimizing Decomposition for Optimal Claim Verification19 Mar 2025
- 2025Shakespearean Sparks: The Dance of Hallucination and Creativity in LLMs' Decoding Layers4 Mar 2025
- 2025LLM as a Broken Telephone: Iterative Generation Distorts Information27 Feb 2025
- 2024Chinese SafetyQA: A Safety Short-form Factuality Benchmark for Large Language Models17 Dec 2024
- 2024DEFAME: Dynamic Evidence-based FAct-checking with Multimodal Experts13 Dec 2024
- 2024LlamaLens: Specialized Multilingual LLM for Analyzing News and Social Media Content20 Oct 2024
- 2024Decomposition Dilemmas: Does Claim Decomposition Boost or Burden Fact-Checking Performance?17 Oct 2024
- 2024FIRE: Fact-checking with Iterative Retrieval and Verification17 Oct 2024
- 2024Loki: An Open-Source Tool for Fact Verification2 Oct 2024
- 2024LM-PUB-QUIZ: A Comprehensive Framework for Zero-Shot Evaluation of Relational Knowledge in Language Models28 Aug 2024
- 2024DEFAME: Dynamic Evidence-based FAct-checking with Multimodal Expertscited by 42
- 2024FIRE: Fact-checking with Iterative Retrieval and Verificationcited by 39
- 2024Decomposition Dilemmas: Does Claim Decomposition Boost or Burden Fact-Checking Performance?cited by 34
- 2025The Scales of Justitia: A Comprehensive Survey on Safety Evaluation of LLMscited by 24
- 2024Loki: An Open-Source Tool for Fact Verificationcited by 16
- 2025LLM as a Broken Telephone: Iterative Generation Distorts Informationcited by 12
- 2025Optimizing Decomposition for Optimal Claim Verificationcited by 10
- 2025Evolving Roles of LLMs in Scientific Innovation: Assistant, Collaborator, Scientist, and Evaluatorcited by 9
- 2025FaStfact: Faster, Stronger Long-Form Factuality Evaluations in LLMscited by 7
- 2024LlamaLens: Specialized Multilingual LLM for Analyzing News and Social Media Contentcited by 6
- 2024Chinese SafetyQA: A Safety Short-form Factuality Benchmark for Large Language Modelscited by 6
- 2024LM-PUB-QUIZ: A Comprehensive Framework for Zero-Shot Evaluation of Relational Knowledge in Language Modelscited by 4
12 most cited of 27 All 27 (JSON)
- 2026VEX-Bench: Benchmarking Verification Complexity of LLM-Generated Misinformation28 Sep 2026
- 2026SoK: Formal Methods for Fact-Checking and Information Integrity19 Sep 2026
- 2026MedSNIP: Building and Benchmarking Snippet-Level Granularity for Medical Fact Verification11 Sep 2026
- 2026Human-Anchored Factuality Evaluation with Strategic Annotation31 Aug 2026
- 2025FaStfact: Faster, Stronger Long-Form Factuality Evaluations in LLMs13 Oct 2025
- 2025ShortCheck: Checkworthiness Detection of Multilingual Short-Form Videos24 Sep 2025
- 2025ClaimCheck: Real-Time Fact-Checking with Small Language Models22 Sep 2025
- 2025PledgeTracker: A System for Monitoring the Fulfilment of Pledges15 Sep 2025
- 2025Explicit and Implicit Data Augmentation for Social Event Detection4 Sep 2025
- 2025Improving Factuality in LLMs via Inference-Time Knowledge Graph Construction31 Aug 2025
- 2025FECT: Factuality Evaluation of Interpretive AI-Generated Claims in Contact Center Conversation Transcripts26 Jul 2025
- 2025Evolving Roles of LLMs in Scientific Innovation: Assistant, Collaborator, Scientist, and Evaluator16 Jul 2025
12 newest of 27 All 27 (JSON)