mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Generative Diffusion Models for High Dimensional Channel Estimation

arXiv 2408.10501 ↗First posted 20 Aug 2024cs.IT eess.SP math.ITcited by 26

On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion for compression and wireless

Abstract (arXiv)

Along with the prosperity of generative artificial intelligence (AI), its potential for solving conventional challenges in wireless communications has also surfaced. Inspired by this trend, we investigate the application of the advanced diffusion models (DMs), a representative class of generative AI models, to high dimensional wireless channel estimation. By capturing the structure of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless channels via a deep generative prior encoded by DMs, we develop a novel posterior inference method for channel reconstruction. We further adapt the proposed method to recover channel information from low-resolution quantized measurements. Additionally, to enhance the over-the-air viability, we integrate the DM with the unsupervised Stein's unbiased risk estimator to enable learning from noisy observations and circumvent the requirements for ground truth channel data that is hardly available in practice. Results reveal that the proposed estimator achieves high-fidelity channel recovery while reducing estimation latency by a factor of 10 compared to state-of-the-art schemes, facilitating real-time implementation. Moreover, our method outperforms existing estimators while reducing the pilot overhead by half, showcasing its scalability to ultra-massive antenna arrays.

Key facts. Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion for compression and wireless, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 30 of its 60 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Aug 2024.

Builds on

30 of 60 references.

Closest ancestors · 2

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Diffusion-based Generative Prior for Low-Complexity MIMO Channel Estimation6 Mar
  2. 2022MIMO Channel Estimation using Score-Based Generative Models14 Apr

Other references · 28

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
  3. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  4. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,655
  5. 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 8,964
  6. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
  7. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,005
  8. 2022Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative Modelscited by 2,994
  9. 2020Improved Techniques for Training Score-Based Generative Modelscited by 1,036
  10. 2022Understanding Diffusion Models: A Unified Perspectivecited by 337
  11. 2023FreeDoM: Training-Free Energy-Guided Conditional Diffusion Modelcited by 290
  12. 2021Robust Compressed Sensing MRI with Deep Generative Priorscited by 284
16 more
  1. 2023Solving Inverse Problems with Latent Diffusion Models via Hard Data Consistencycited by 180
  2. 2018Deep Learning-Based Channel Estimationcited by 75
  3. 2022Diffusion Model Based Posterior Sampling for Noisy Linear Inverse Problemscited by 58
  4. 2023Solving Inverse Problems with Score-Based Generative Priors learned from Noisy Datacited by 40
  5. 2020High Dimensional Channel Estimation Using Deep Generative Networkscited by 33
  6. 2023A Tutorial on Extremely Large-Scale MIMO for 6G: Fundamentals, Signal Processing, and Applicationscited by 23
  7. 2020Wideband Channel Estimation with A Generative Adversarial Networkcited by 16
  8. 2022Quantized Compressed Sensing with Score-based Generative Modelscited by 15
  9. 2021An Asymptotically MSE-Optimal Estimator based on Gaussian Mixture Modelscited by 13
  10. 2024On the Asymptotic Mean Square Error Optimality of Diffusion Modelscited by 10
  11. 2020An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Terahertz Communicationscited by 9
  12. 2023Semantic Communications using Foundation Models: Design Approaches and Open Issuescited by 9
  13. 2023Leveraging Variational Autoencoders for Parameterized MMSE Estimationcited by 6
  14. 2021Deep Learning based Channel Extrapolation for Large-Scale Antenna Systems: Opportunities, Challenges and Solutionscited by 5
  15. 2022Over-the-Air Design of GAN Training for mmWave MIMO Channel Estimationcited by 5
  16. 2023Channel Estimation for Quantized Systems based on Conditionally Gaussian Latent Modelscited by 4

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 13; 2026: 13.

26 papers.

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  1. 2025Generative Diffusion Models for Wireless Networks: Fundamental, Architecture, and State-of-the-Artcited by 13
  2. 2025Diffusion Models for Future Networks and Communications: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 6
  3. 2025ICDM: Interference Cancellation Diffusion Models for Wireless Semantic Communicationscited by 4
  4. 2025Environment-Aware Channel Inference via Cross-Modal Flow: From Multimodal Sensing to Wireless Channelscited by 3
  5. 2025Channel Estimation for RIS-Assisted mmWave Systems via Diffusion Modelscited by 2
  6. 2025Enhancements in Score-based Channel Estimation for Real-Time Wireless Systemscited by 2
  7. 2026Telecom World Models: Unifying Digital Twins, Foundation Models, and Predictive Planning for 6Gcited by 2
  8. 2025Non-Identical Diffusion Models in MIMO-OFDM Channel Generationcited by 1
  9. 2025Generative AI Meets Wireless Sensing: Towards Wireless Foundation Modelcited by 1
  10. 2025Robust MIMO Channel Estimation Using Energy-Based Generative Diffusion Modelscited by 1
  11. 2025Diffusion Models for Wireless Transceivers: From Pilot-Efficient Channel Estimation to AI-Native 6G Receiverscited by 1
  12. 2026Channel Estimation in MIMO Systems Using Flow Matching Modelscited by 1
14 more
  1. 2026EVT-Based Generative AI for Tail-Aware Channel Estimationcited by 1
  2. 2025Generative Diffusion Model Driven Massive Random Access in Massive MIMO Systemscited by 0
  3. 2025A look at adversarial attacks on radio waveforms from discrete latent spacecited by 0
  4. 2025Conditional Diffusion Model-Enabled Scenario-Specific Neural Receivers for Superimposed Pilot Schemescited by 0
  5. 2026RSS map-assisted MIMO channel estimation in the upper mid-band under pilot constraintscited by 0
  6. 2026Improving Channel Estimation via Multimodal Diffusion Models with Flow Matchingcited by 0
  7. 2026Cross-Modal Generation: From Commodity WiFi to High-Fidelity mmWave and RFID Sensingcited by 0
  8. 2026Null-Space Flow Matching for MIMO Channel Estimation in Latency-Constrained Systemscited by 0
  9. 2026Mixture-of-Experts Diffusion Models for Adaptive Massive MIMO Channel Estimation via Variational Bayesian Inferencecited by 0
  10. 2026A Perception vs. Distortion Perspective on Score-Based Generative Channel Estimationcited by 0
  11. 2026Condition-Wise Sinkhorn Drifting for One-Shot Learned Channel Simulationcited by 0
  12. 2026Restoration Flow Matching-Based Channel Refinement and Equalization Correction for MIMO Semantic Communicationscited by 0
  13. 2026Generator-Guided Inverse Sampling for L'evy-Driven Generative Modelscited by 0
  14. 2026Geometry-Aided Channel Deduction with Partial Channel Estimates and Uncalibrated Digital Twincited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2023Generative Diffusion Models for Radio Wireless Channel Modelling and Sampling
  2. 2025Generative Diffusion Receivers: Achieving Pilot-Efficient MIMO-OFDM Communications
  3. 2025Flow matching-based generative models for MIMO channel estimation
  4. 2024Generating High Dimensional User-Specific Wireless Channels using Diffusion Models
  5. 2024Maximum-Likelihood Estimation Based on Diffusion Model For Wireless Communications
  6. 2023Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models for Hardware-Impaired Communications
  7. 2021Score-Based Generative Models for Robust Channel Estimation
  8. 2024Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) for Mobile Communications: A Diffusion Model Perspective