mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

PEDAL: Enhancing Greedy Decoding with Large Language Models using Diverse Exemplars

arXiv 2408.08869 ↗First posted 16 Aug 2024cs.CL cs.LGcited by 1

On the map: LLM reasoning → Test-time compute and efficient thinking

Abstract (arXiv)

Self-ensembling techniques with diverse reasoning paths such as Self-Consistency have demonstrated remarkable performance gains in text generation with Large Language Models (LLMs). However, such techniques depend on the availability of an accurate answer extraction process to aggregate across multiple outputs. Moreover, they acquire higher inference cost, in comparison to Greedy Decoding, due to generation of relatively higher number of output tokens. Research has shown that the free form text outputs from Self-Consistency can be aggregated reliably using LLMs to produce the final output. Additionally, recent advancements in LLM inference have demonstrated that usage of diverse exemplars in prompts have the ability to induce diversity in the LLM outputs. Such proven techniques can be easily extended to self-ensembling based approaches to achieve enhanced results in text generation. In this paper, we introduce PEDAL (Prompts based on Exemplar Diversity Aggregated using LLMs), a hybrid self-ensembling approach, that combines the strengths of diverse exemplar based prompts and LLM based aggregation to achieve improvement in overall performance. On the publicly available SVAMP and ARC datasets, our experiments reveal that PEDAL can achieve better accuracy than Greedy Decoding based strategies with lower inference cost compared to Self Consistency based approaches.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Test-time compute and efficient thinking, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 27 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Aug 2024.

Builds on

27 of 35 references.

Closest ancestors · 2

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Universal Self-Consistency for Large Language Model Generation29 Nov
  2. 2023Large Language Model Guided Tree-of-Thought15 May

Other references · 25

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
  2. 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,491
  3. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
  4. 2022Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 5,601
  5. 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,304
  6. 2018Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challengecited by 4,710
  7. 2023QLoRA: Efficient Finetuning of Quantized LLMscited by 3,355
  8. 2020Knowledge Distillation: A Surveycited by 1,578
  9. 2017Quantization and Training of Neural Networks for Efficient Integer-Arithmetic-Only Inferencecited by 1,548
  10. 2021Fantastically Ordered Prompts and Where to Find Them: Overcoming Few-Shot Prompt Order Sensitivitycited by 1,122
  11. 2021Are NLP Models really able to Solve Simple Math Word Problems?cited by 861
  12. 2023DSPy: Compiling Declarative Language Model Calls into Self-Improving Pipelinescited by 803
13 more
  1. 2019Fast Transformer Decoding: One Write-Head is All You Needcited by 700
  2. 2023LLM-Blender: Ensembling Large Language Models with Pairwise Ranking and Generative Fusioncited by 550
  3. 2023Promptbreeder: Self-Referential Self-Improvement Via Prompt Evolutioncited by 521
  4. 2017Snorkel: Rapid Training Data Creation with Weak Supervisioncited by 370
  5. 2022PromptSource: An Integrated Development Environment and Repository for Natural Language Promptscited by 288
  6. 2024A Survey on Mixture of Experts in Large Language Modelscited by 233
  7. 2022Making Large Language Models Better Reasoners with Step-Aware Verifiercited by 231
  8. 2022Ask Me Anything: A simple strategy for prompting language modelscited by 155
  9. 2023A Survey of Large Language Models for Code: Evolution, Benchmarking, and Future Trendscited by 66
  10. 2023Enhancing Large Language Models in Coding Through Multi-Perspective Self-Consistencycited by 46
  11. 2022PromptBoosting: Black-Box Text Classification with Ten Forward Passescited by 36
  12. 2023PREFER: Prompt Ensemble Learning via Feedback-Reflect-Refinecited by 28
  13. 2023Tree Prompting: Efficient Task Adaptation without Fine-Tuningcited by 17

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Citing papers per year: 2025: 1.

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  1. 2026Chopthin-Consensus Power Sampling: A Diversity-Preserving Approach to LLM Decoding
  2. 2023Skeleton-of-Thought: Prompting LLMs for Efficient Parallel Generation
  3. 2023Diversity of Thought Improves Reasoning Abilities of LLMs
  4. 2024CharED: Character-wise Ensemble Decoding for Large Language Models
  5. 2024Think Big, Generate Quick: LLM-to-SLM for Fast Autoregressive Decoding
  6. 2024Optimized Multi-Token Joint Decoding with Auxiliary Model for LLM Inference
  7. 2025Semantic uncertainty in advanced decoding methods for LLM generation
  8. 2024Refining Answer Distributions for Improved Large Language Model Reasoning