Ex3: Automatic Novel Writing by Extracting, Excelsior and Expanding
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Abstract (arXiv)
Generating long-term texts such as novels using artificial intelligence has always been a challenge. A common approach is to use large language models (LLMs) to construct a hierarchical framework that first plans and then writes. Despite the fact that the generated novels reach a sufficient length, they exhibit poor logical coherence and appeal in their plots and deficiencies in character and event depiction, ultimately compromising the overall narrative quality. In this paper, we propose a method named Extracting Excelsior and Expanding. Ex3 initially extracts structure information from raw novel data. By combining this structure information with the novel data, an instruction-following dataset is meticulously crafted. This dataset is then utilized to fine-tune the LLM, aiming for excelsior generation performance. In the final stage, a tree-like expansion method is deployed to facilitate the generation of arbitrarily long novels. Evaluation against previous methods showcases Ex3's ability to produce higher-quality long-form novels.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 40 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Aug 2024.
Builds on
18 of 40 references.
References · 18
- 2019BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTcited by 5,462
- 2020Reformer: The Efficient Transformercited by 1,658
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6 more
- 2019Strategies for Structuring Story Generationcited by 124
- 2020Learning to Encode Position for Transformer with Continuous Dynamical Modelcited by 61
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 6; 2026: 4.
10 papers.
- 2025WritingBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Generative Writingcited by 95
- 2025R2: A LLM Based Novel-to-Screenplay Generation Framework with Causal Plot Graphscited by 5
- 2025Plug-and-Play Dramaturge: A Divide-and-Conquer Approach for Iterative Narrative Script Refinement via Collaborative LLM Agentscited by 2
- 2026DTBench: A Synthetic Benchmark for Document-to-Table Extractioncited by 2
- 2025Long Story Generation via Knowledge Graph and Literary Theorycited by 1
- 2025Beyond Direct Generation: A Decomposed Approach to Well-Crafted Screenwriting with LLMscited by 1
- 2025CreAgentive: An Agent Workflow Driven Multi-Category Creative Generation Enginecited by 0
- 2026LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathycited by 0
- 2026When to Plan, When to Polish: Noise Level as a Granularity Axis for Diffusion Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026Scaling Long-Form Story Generation via Narrative State Trackingcited by 0
- 2026Scaling Long-Form Story Generation via Narrative State Tracking28 Sep 2026
- 2026When to Plan, When to Polish: Noise Level as a Granularity Axis for Diffusion Language Models19 Jun 2026
- 2026LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy12 Apr 2026
- 2026DTBench: A Synthetic Benchmark for Document-to-Table Extraction14 Feb 2026
- 2025Beyond Direct Generation: A Decomposed Approach to Well-Crafted Screenwriting with LLMs27 Oct 2025
- 2025Plug-and-Play Dramaturge: A Divide-and-Conquer Approach for Iterative Narrative Script Refinement via Collaborative LLM Agents6 Oct 2025
- 2025CreAgentive: An Agent Workflow Driven Multi-Category Creative Generation Engine30 Sep 2025
- 2025Long Story Generation via Knowledge Graph and Literary Theory5 Aug 2025
- 2025R2: A LLM Based Novel-to-Screenplay Generation Framework with Causal Plot Graphs19 Mar 2025
- 2025WritingBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Generative Writing7 Mar 2025