PEER: Expertizing Domain-Specific Tasks with a Multi-Agent Framework and Tuning Methods
On the map: Retrieval-augmented generation → Agentic RAG, agents and memory
also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)
In domain-specific applications, GPT-4, augmented with precise prompts or Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), shows notable potential but faces the critical tri-lemma of performance, cost, and data privacy. High performance requires sophisticated processing techniques, yet managing multiple agents within a complex workflow often proves costly and challenging. To address this, we introduce the PEER (Plan, Execute, Express, Review) multi-agent framework. This systematizes domain-specific tasks by integrating precise question decomposition, advanced information retrieval, comprehensive summarization, and rigorous self-assessment. Given the concerns of cost and data privacy, enterprises are shifting from proprietary models like GPT-4 to custom models, striking a balance between cost, security, and performance. We developed industrial practices leveraging online data and user feedback for efficient model tuning. This study provides best practice guidelines for applying multi-agent systems in domain-specific problem-solving and implementing effective agent tuning strategies. Our empirical studies, particularly in the financial question-answering domain, demonstrate that our approach achieves 95.0% of GPT-4's performance, while effectively managing costs and ensuring data privacy.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Agentic RAG, agents and memory, one of 15 directions in Retrieval-augmented generation. Builds on 22 of its 37 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Jul 2024.
Builds on
22 of 37 references.
References · 22
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10 more
- 2024Direct Language Model Alignment from Online AI Feedbackcited by 257
- 2023PromptAgent: Strategic Planning with Language Models Enables Expert-level Prompt Optimizationcited by 226
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 3; 2026: 1.
4 papers.
- 2025KVFlow: Efficient Prefix Caching for Accelerating LLM-Based Multi-Agent Workflowscited by 56
- 2026A Survey of Agentic Reasoning for Large Language Models: Towards Recursively Self-Improving and Collective Agentscited by 47
- 2025Bridging the Capability Gap: Joint Alignment Tuning for Harmonizing LLM-based Multi-Agent Systemscited by 1
- 2025Optimizing GPT for Video Understanding: Zero-Shot Performance and Prompt Engineeringcited by 0
- 2026A Survey of Agentic Reasoning for Large Language Models: Towards Recursively Self-Improving and Collective Agents18 Jan 2026
- 2025Bridging the Capability Gap: Joint Alignment Tuning for Harmonizing LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems11 Sep 2025
- 2025KVFlow: Efficient Prefix Caching for Accelerating LLM-Based Multi-Agent Workflows10 Jul 2025
- 2025Optimizing GPT for Video Understanding: Zero-Shot Performance and Prompt Engineering13 Feb 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024Dynamic Multi-Agent Orchestration and Retrieval for Multi-Source Question-Answer Systems using Large Language Models
- 2026MiRAGE: A Multiagent Framework for Generating Multimodal Multihop Question-Answer Dataset for RAG Evaluation
- 2025Diverse And Private Synthetic Datasets Generation for RAG evaluation: A multi-agent framework
- 2026Towards Trustworthy and Cost-Efficient Data Integration: From Na"ive RAG to Agentic RAG
- 2025Talk to Right Specialists: Iterative Routing in Multi-agent Systems for Question Answering
- 2024Towards Human-Level Understanding of Complex Process Engineering Schematics: A Pedagogical, Introspective Multi-Agent Framework for Open-Domain Question Answering
- 2024Efficient Multi-Agent Collaboration with Tool Use for Online Planning in Complex Table Question Answering
- 2025Knowledge-Aware Iterative Retrieval for Multi-Agent Systems